# Mutual Information-driven Triple Interaction Network for Efficient Image Dehazing

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.06998 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.06998/

## Key facts

- Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 33 of its 67 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 14 Aug 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 33)

- [U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1505.04597/) (2015)
- [Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.03748/) (2018)
- [MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.04861/) (2017)
- [Contrastive Multiview Coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.05849/) (2019)
- [Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.06670/) (2018)
- [Multi-Stage Progressive Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.02808/) (2021)
- [Benchmarking Single Image Dehazing and Beyond](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.04143/) (2017)
- [DehazeNet: An End-to-End System for Single Image Haze Removal](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1601.07661/) (2016)
- [FFA-Net: Feature Fusion Attention Network for Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.07559/) (2019)
- [MAXIM: Multi-Axis MLP for Image Processing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.02973/) (2022)
- [Vision Transformers for Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.03883/) (2022)
- [HINet: Half Instance Normalization Network for Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.06086/) (2021)
- [Multi-Scale Boosted Dehazing Network with Dense Feature Fusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.13388/) (2020)
- [GridDehazeNet: Attention-Based Multi-Scale Network for Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.03245/) (2019)
- [Contrastive Learning for Compact Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.09367/) (2021)
- [Learning A Sparse Transformer Network for Effective Image Deraining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11950/) (2023)
- [Gated Fusion Network for Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.00213/) (2018)
- [NH-HAZE: An Image Dehazing Benchmark with Non-Homogeneous Hazy and Haze-Free Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.03560/) (2020)
- [Dense Haze: A benchmark for image dehazing with dense-haze and haze-free images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.02904/) (2019)
- [Model Adaptation with Synthetic and Real Data for Semantic Dense Foggy Scene Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.01265/) (2018)
- [RIDCP: Revitalizing Real Image Dehazing via High-Quality Codebook Priors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.03994/) (2023)
- [Info3D: Representation Learning on 3D Objects using Mutual Information Maximization and Contrastive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.02598/) (2020)
- [From Synthetic to Real: Image Dehazing Collaborating with Unlabeled Real Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.02934/) (2021)
- [RGB-D Saliency Detection via Cascaded Mutual Information Minimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.07246/) (2021)
- [Image-Specific Information Suppression and Implicit Local Alignment for Text-based Person Search](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.14365/) (2022)
- [Perceiving and Modeling Density is All You Need for Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.09733/) (2021)
- [Boosting Few-shot Fine-grained Recognition with Background Suppression and Foreground Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.01439/) (2022)
- [Adaptive Dynamic Filtering Network for Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12051/) (2022)
- [Context-Gated Convolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.05577/) (2019)
- [Unpaired Deep Image Dehazing Using Contrastive Disentanglement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.07677/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 18 of 18)

- [Depth Information Assisted Collaborative Mutual Promotion Network for Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.01105/) (2024)
- [EulerMormer: Robust Eulerian Motion Magnification via Dynamic Filtering within Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.04152/) (2023)
- [Multi-Scale Representation Learning for Image Restoration with State-Space Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.10145/) (2024)
- [Prior-guided Hierarchical Harmonization Network for Efficient Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.01136/) (2025)
- [Exploiting Ensemble Learning for Cross-View Isolated Sign Language Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.02196/) (2025)
- [Spatial-frequency Dual-Domain Feature Fusion Network for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.17400/) (2024)
- [HUPE: Heuristic Underwater Perceptual Enhancement with Semantic Collaborative Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.18296/) (2024)
- [PHATNet: A Physics-guided Haze Transfer Network for Domain-adaptive Real-world Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.14826/) (2025)
- [Scene-Text Grounding for Text-Based Video Question Answering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.14319/) (2024)
- [Joint multi-dimensional dynamic attention and transformer for general image restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.07893/) (2024)
- [On the Global Photometric Alignment for Low-Level Vision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.08172/) (2026)
- [Towards Optimal Aggregation of Varying Range Dependencies in Haze Removal](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.12317/) (2024)
- [WaMaIR: Image Restoration via Multiscale Wavelet Convolutions and Mamba-based Channel Modeling with Texture Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.16765/) (2025)
- [API: Empowering Generalizable Real-World Image Dehazing via Adaptive Patch Importance Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.01992/) (2026)
- [Nighttime Hazy Image Enhancement via Progressively and Mutually Reinforcing Night-Haze Priors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.01998/) (2026)
- [RGA-Net: A Vision Enhancement Framework for Robotic Surgical Systems Using Reciprocal Attention Mechanisms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.13726/) (2026)
- [What to Remove, What to Preserve: Dual-Ambiguity Rectification for All-in-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.28526/) (2026)
- [Beyond Illumination: A Conditional Mutual Information-Guided Network for Low-Light Image Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.01886/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Multi-stage architectures have exhibited efficacy in image dehazing, which usually decomposes a challenging task into multiple more tractable sub-tasks and progressively estimates latent hazy-free images. Despite the remarkable progress, existing methods still suffer from the following shortcomings: (1) limited exploration of frequency domain information; (2) insufficient information interaction; (3) severe feature redundancy. To remedy these issues, we propose a novel Mutual Information-driven Triple interaction Network (MITNet) based on spatial-frequency dual domain information and two-stage architecture. To be specific, the first stage, named amplitude-guided haze removal, aims to recover the amplitude spectrum of the hazy images for haze removal. And the second stage, named phase-guided structure refined, devotes to learning the transformation and refinement of the phase spectrum. To facilitate the information exchange between two stages, an Adaptive Triple Interaction Module (ATIM) is developed to simultaneously aggregate cross-domain, cross-scale, and cross-stage features, where the fused features are further used to generate content-adaptive dynamic filters so that applying them to enhance global context representation. In addition, we impose the mutual information minimization constraint on paired scale encoder and decoder features from both stages. Such an operation can effectively reduce information redundancy and enhance cross-stage feature complementarity. Extensive experiments on multiple public datasets exhibit that our MITNet performs superior performance with lower model complexity.The code and models are available at https://github.com/it-hao/MITNet.