# Speech-Driven 3D Face Animation with Composite and Regional Facial Movements

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.05428 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.05428/

## Key facts

- Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 29 of its 45 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 10 Aug 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 29 of 29)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1412.6980/) (2014)
- [wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11477/) (2020)
- [HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Units](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.07447/) (2021)
- [Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.06868/) (2017)
- [A Lip Sync Expert Is All You Need for Speech to Lip Generation In The Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.10010/) (2020)
- [Deep Speech 2: End-to-End Speech Recognition in English and Mandarin](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.02595/) (2015)
- [Capture, Learning, and Synthesis of 3D Speaking Styles](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.03079/) (2019)
- [Talking Face Generation by Adversarially Disentangled Audio-Visual Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.07860/) (2018)
- [FaceFormer: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.05329/) (2021)
- [MeshTalk: 3D Face Animation from Speech using Cross-Modality Disentanglement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.08223/) (2021)
- [CodeTalker: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Discrete Motion Prior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.02379/) (2023)
- [Audio-Driven Emotional Video Portraits](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.07452/) (2021)
- [Lip Movements Generation at a Glance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.10404/) (2018)
- [EAMM: One-Shot Emotional Talking Face via Audio-Based Emotion-Aware Motion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.15278/) (2022)
- [Realistic Speech-Driven Facial Animation with GANs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.06337/) (2019)
- [EmoTalk: Speech-Driven Emotional Disentanglement for 3D Face Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11089/) (2023)
- [GeneFace: Generalized and High-Fidelity Audio-Driven 3D Talking Face Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.13430/) (2023)
- [Audio-driven Talking Face Video Generation with Learning-based Personalized Head Pose](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.10137/) (2020)
- [StyleTalk: One-shot Talking Head Generation with Controllable Speaking Styles](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.01081/) (2023)
- [Imitator: Personalized Speech-driven 3D Facial Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.00023/) (2022)
- [VisemeNet: Audio-Driven Animator-Centric Speech Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.09488/) (2018)
- [Imitating Arbitrary Talking Style for Realistic Audio-DrivenTalking Face Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.00203/) (2021)
- [SPACE: Speech-driven Portrait Animation with Controllable Expression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.09809/) (2022)
- [Emotion-Controllable Generalized Talking Face Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.01155/) (2022)
- [Memories are One-to-Many Mapping Alleviators in Talking Face Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.05005/) (2022)
- [Talking Head from Speech Audio using a Pre-trained Image Generator](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.04252/) (2022)
- [MMFace4D: A Large-Scale Multi-Modal 4D Face Dataset for Audio-Driven 3D Face Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09797/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 17 of 17)

- [UniTalker: Scaling up Audio-Driven 3D Facial Animation through A Unified Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.00762/) (2024)
- [MMHead: Towards Fine-grained Multi-modal 3D Facial Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.07757/) (2024)
- [PersonaTalk: Bring Attention to Your Persona in Visual Dubbing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.05379/) (2024)
- [KMTalk: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Key Motion Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.01113/) (2024)
- [SingingHead: A Large-scale 4D Dataset for Singing Head Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.04369/) (2023)
- [MemoryTalker: Personalized Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation via Audio-Guided Stylization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.20562/) (2025)
- [GLDiTalker: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Graph Latent Diffusion Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.01826/) (2024)
- [OT-Talk: Animating 3D Talking Head with Optimal Transportation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.01932/) (2025)
- [Towards High-fidelity 3D Talking Avatar with Personalized Dynamic Texture](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.00495/) (2025)
- [Learning Phonetic Context-Dependent Viseme for Enhancing Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.20568/) (2025)
- [VividListener: Expressive and Controllable Listener Dynamics Modeling for Multi-Modal Responsive Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.21718/) (2025)
- [Think2Sing: Orchestrating Structured Motion Subtitles for Singing-Driven 3D Head Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.02278/) (2025)
- [EmoFace: Emotion-Content Disentangled Speech-Driven 3D Talking Face Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.11518/) (2024)
- [PTalker: Personalized Speech-Driven 3D Talking Head Animation via Style Disentanglement and Modality Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.22602/) (2025)
- [FMReward: Aligning and Evaluating Audio-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Human Preferences](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.15296/) (2026)
- [KoUniTalk: A Lightweight Articulation-Centered Korean-English 3D Talking Face Benchmark](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.19840/) (2026)
- [Seeing Speech: Learning Visible Articulatory Dynamics for Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.30517/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Speech-driven 3D face animation poses significant challenges due to the intricacy and variability inherent in human facial movements. This paper emphasizes the importance of considering both the composite and regional natures of facial movements in speech-driven 3D face animation. The composite nature pertains to how speech-independent factors globally modulate speech-driven facial movements along the temporal dimension. Meanwhile, the regional nature alludes to the notion that facial movements are not globally correlated but are actuated by local musculature along the spatial dimension. It is thus indispensable to incorporate both natures for engendering vivid animation. To address the composite nature, we introduce an adaptive modulation module that employs arbitrary facial movements to dynamically adjust speech-driven facial movements across frames on a global scale. To accommodate the regional nature, our approach ensures that each constituent of the facial features for every frame focuses on the local spatial movements of 3D faces. Moreover, we present a non-autoregressive backbone for translating audio to 3D facial movements, which maintains high-frequency nuances of facial movements and facilitates efficient inference. Comprehensive experiments and user studies demonstrate that our method surpasses contemporary state-of-the-art approaches both qualitatively and quantitatively.