# Towards Safe Multi-Level Human-Robot Interaction in Industrial Tasks

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03222 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.03222/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 6 Aug 2023.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Multi-Modal Manipulation via Multi-Modal Policy Consensus](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.23468/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Multiple levels of safety measures are required by multiple interaction modes which collaborative robots need to perform industrial tasks with human co-workers. We develop three independent modules to account for safety in different types of human-robot interaction: vision-based safety monitoring pauses robot when human is present in a shared space; contact-based safety monitoring pauses robot when unexpected contact happens between human and robot; hierarchical intention tracking keeps robot in a safe distance from human when human and robot work independently, and switches robot to compliant mode when human intends to guide robot. We discuss the prospect of future research in development and integration of multi-level safety modules. We focus on how to provide safety guarantees for collaborative robot solutions with human behavior modeling.