# All-in-one Multi-degradation Image Restoration Network via Hierarchical Degradation Representation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03021 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.03021/

## Key facts

- Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 25 of its 45 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 6 Aug 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 25 of 25)

- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [Fast R-CNN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1504.08083/) (2015)
- [SwinIR: Image Restoration Using Swin Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.10257/) (2021)
- [Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.05101/) (2017)
- [Beyond a Gaussian Denoiser: Residual Learning of Deep CNN for Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1608.03981/) (2016)
- [Multi-Stage Progressive Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.02808/) (2021)
- [Deep Retinex Decomposition for Low-Light Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.04560/) (2018)
- [Simple Baselines for Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.04676/) (2022)
- [FFDNet: Toward a Fast and Flexible Solution for CNN based Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.04026/) (2017)
- [Learning to See in the Dark](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.01934/) (2018)
- [Learning Deep CNN Denoiser Prior for Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.03264/) (2017)
- [Toward Convolutional Blind Denoising of Real Photographs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.04686/) (2018)
- [TransWeather: Transformer-based Restoration of Images Degraded by Adverse Weather Conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.14813/) (2021)
- [HINet: Half Instance Normalization Network for Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.06086/) (2021)
- [Domain-Specific Batch Normalization for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.03950/) (2019)
- [Unsupervised Degradation Representation Learning for Blind Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.00416/) (2021)
- [Defocus Deblurring Using Dual-Pixel Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.00305/) (2020)
- [Attention-guided Network for Ghost-free High Dynamic Range Imaging](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.10293/) (2019)
- [From Motion Blur to Motion Flow: a Deep Learning Solution for Removing Heterogeneous Motion Blur](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.02583/) (2016)
- [A General Decoupled Learning Framework for Parameterized Image Operators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.05852/) (2019)
- [Multi-channel Weighted Nuclear Norm Minimization for Real Color Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1705.09912/) (2017)
- [Learning Degradation Representations for Image Deblurring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.05244/) (2022)
- [Exploring and Evaluating Image Restoration Potential in Dynamic Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.11754/) (2022)
- [Attention-based network for low-light image enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.09829/) (2020)
- [Learning Generalizable Latent Representations for Novel Degradations in Super Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.12941/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 21 of 21)

- [InstructIR: High-Quality Image Restoration Following Human Instructions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.16468/) (2024)
- [A Survey on All-in-One Image Restoration: Taxonomy, Evaluation and Future Trends](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.15067/) (2024)
- [Neural Degradation Representation Learning for All-In-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.12848/) (2023)
- [Prompt-In-Prompt Learning for Universal Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.05038/) (2023)
- [Degradation-Aware Feature Perturbation for All-in-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.12630/) (2025)
- [DocRes: A Generalist Model Toward Unifying Document Image Restoration Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.04408/) (2024)
- [Restore Anything with Masks: Leveraging Mask Image Modeling for Blind All-in-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.19403/) (2024)
- [Multi-task Image Restoration Guided By Robust DINO Features](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.01677/) (2023)
- [GRIDS: Grouped Multiple-Degradation Restoration with Image Degradation Similarity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12273/) (2024)
- [Completion as Enhancement: A Degradation-Aware Selective Image Guided Network for Depth Completion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.19225/) (2024)
- [UniDemoir'e: Towards Universal Image Demoir'eing with Data Generation and Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.06324/) (2025)
- [Uni-DocDiff: A Unified Document Restoration Model Based on Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.04055/) (2025)
- [ClusIR: Towards Cluster-Guided All-in-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.10948/) (2025)
- [HazeSpace2M: A Dataset for Haze Aware Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.17432/) (2024)
- [FAPE-IR: Frequency-Aware Planning and Execution Framework for All-in-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.14099/) (2025)
- [UIR-LoRA: Achieving Universal Image Restoration through Multiple Low-Rank Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.20197/) (2024)
- [Towards Unified Image Deblurring using a Mixture-of-Experts Decoder](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.06228/) (2025)
- [Dual-Representation Interaction Driven Image Quality Assessment with Restoration Assistance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.17390/) (2024)
- [Learning Dual Transformers for All-In-One Image Restoration from a Frequency Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.01636/) (2024)
- [OmniLight: One Model to Rule All Lighting Conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.15170/) (2026)
- [DegBins: Degradation-Driven Binning for Depth Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.09628/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The aim of image restoration is to recover high-quality images from distorted ones. However, current methods usually focus on a single task (e.g., denoising, deblurring or super-resolution) which cannot address the needs of real-world multi-task processing, especially on mobile devices. Thus, developing an all-in-one method that can restore images from various unknown distortions is a significant challenge. Previous works have employed contrastive learning to learn the degradation representation from observed images, but this often leads to representation drift caused by deficient positive and negative pairs. To address this issue, we propose a novel All-in-one Multi-degradation Image Restoration Network (AMIRNet) that can effectively capture and utilize accurate degradation representation for image restoration. AMIRNet learns a degradation representation for unknown degraded images by progressively constructing a tree structure through clustering, without any prior knowledge of degradation information. This tree-structured representation explicitly reflects the consistency and discrepancy of various distortions, providing a specific clue for image restoration. To further enhance the performance of the image restoration network and overcome domain gaps caused by unknown distortions, we design a feature transform block (FTB) that aligns domains and refines features with the guidance of the degradation representation. We conduct extensive experiments on multiple distorted datasets, demonstrating the effectiveness of our method and its advantages over state-of-the-art restoration methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.