# TokenFlow: Consistent Diffusion Features for Consistent Video Editing

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.10373 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.10373/

## Key facts

- Cited by 442 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 53 of its 63 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 19 Jul 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 53)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1505.04597/) (2015)
- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.02502/) (2020)
- [Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.05233/) (2021)
- [Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1503.03585/) (2015)
- [Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.06125/) (2022)
- [Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.11487/) (2022)
- [Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05543/) (2023)
- [LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.08402/) (2022)
- [Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.09672/) (2021)
- [GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10741/) (2021)
- [Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.01626/) (2022)
- [RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.12039/) (2020)
- [Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.03458/) (2022)
- [SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.01073/) (2021)
- [Imagen Video: High Definition Video Generation with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.02303/) (2022)
- [Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.14792/) (2022)
- [Align your Latents: High-Resolution Video Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08818/) (2023)
- [Diffusion Models in Vision: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.04747/) (2022)
- [Tune-A-Video: One-Shot Tuning of Image Diffusion Models for Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.11565/) (2022)
- [The 2017 DAVIS Challenge on Video Object Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.00675/) (2017)
- [Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12572/) (2022)
- [Generative Adversarial Text to Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1605.05396/) (2016)
- [MasaCtrl: Tuning-Free Mutual Self-Attention Control for Consistent Image Synthesis and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08465/) (2023)
- [Attend-and-Excite: Attention-Based Semantic Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.13826/) (2023)
- [Text2Video-Zero: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models are Zero-Shot Video Generators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.13439/) (2023)
- [Structure and Content-Guided Video Synthesis with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.03011/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 442)

- [VBench: Comprehensive Benchmark Suite for Video Generative Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17982/) (2023)
- [VideoPoet: A Large Language Model for Zero-Shot Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.14125/) (2023)
- [VBench-2.0: Advancing Video Generation Benchmark Suite for Intrinsic Faithfulness](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.21755/) (2025)
- [StoryDiffusion: Consistent Self-Attention for Long-Range Image and Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.01434/) (2024)
- [A Survey on Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.10647/) (2023)
- [Taming Rectified Flow for Inversion and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.04746/) (2024)
- [Diffusion as Shader: 3D-aware Video Diffusion for Versatile Video Generation Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.03847/) (2025)
- [FLATTEN: optical FLow-guided ATTENtion for consistent text-to-video editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.05922/) (2023)
- [Direct-a-Video: Customized Video Generation with User-Directed Camera Movement and Object Motion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.03162/) (2024)
- [AnyV2V: A Tuning-Free Framework For Any Video-to-Video Editing Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.14468/) (2024)
- [Cross-Image Attention for Zero-Shot Appearance Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.03335/) (2023)
- [Upscale-A-Video: Temporal-Consistent Diffusion Model for Real-World Video Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.06640/) (2023)
- [ConsistI2V: Enhancing Visual Consistency for Image-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.04324/) (2024)
- [State of the Art on Diffusion Models for Visual Computing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.07204/) (2023)
- [VideoBooth: Diffusion-based Video Generation with Image Prompts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.00777/) (2023)
- [Training-Free Consistent Text-to-Image Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.03286/) (2024)
- [Space-Time Diffusion Features for Zero-Shot Text-Driven Motion Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17009/) (2023)
- [4DGen: Grounded 4D Content Generation with Spatial-temporal Consistency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.17225/) (2023)
- [Go-with-the-Flow: Motion-Controllable Video Diffusion Models Using Real-Time Warped Noise](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.08331/) (2025)
- [RAVE: Randomized Noise Shuffling for Fast and Consistent Video Editing with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.04524/) (2023)
- [VidToMe: Video Token Merging for Zero-Shot Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.10656/) (2023)
- [Stable Flow: Vital Layers for Training-Free Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.14430/) (2024)
- [DGE: Direct Gaussian 3D Editing by Consistent Multi-view Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.18929/) (2024)
- [Telling Left from Right: Identifying Geometry-Aware Semantic Correspondence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17034/) (2023)
- [VMC: Video Motion Customization using Temporal Attention Adaption for Text-to-Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.00845/) (2023)
- [InstructVideo: Instructing Video Diffusion Models with Human Feedback](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.12490/) (2023)
- [CCEdit: Creative and Controllable Video Editing via Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.16496/) (2023)
- [AVID: Any-Length Video Inpainting with Diffusion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.03816/) (2023)
- [Consistent Video-to-Video Transfer Using Synthetic Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.00213/) (2023)
- [Follow-Your-Motion: Video Motion Transfer via Efficient Spatial-Temporal Decoupled Finetuning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.05207/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The generative AI revolution has recently expanded to videos. Nevertheless, current state-of-the-art video models are still lagging behind image models in terms of visual quality and user control over the generated content. In this work, we present a framework that harnesses the power of a text-to-image diffusion model for the task of text-driven video editing. Specifically, given a source video and a target text-prompt, our method generates a high-quality video that adheres to the target text, while preserving the spatial layout and motion of the input video. Our method is based on a key observation that consistency in the edited video can be obtained by enforcing consistency in the diffusion feature space. We achieve this by explicitly propagating diffusion features based on inter-frame correspondences, readily available in the model. Thus, our framework does not require any training or fine-tuning, and can work in conjunction with any off-the-shelf text-to-image editing method. We demonstrate state-of-the-art editing results on a variety of real-world videos. Webpage: https://diffusion-tokenflow.github.io/