# Asymptotic SEP Analysis and Optimization of Linear-Quantized Precoding in Massive MIMO Systems

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.06714 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.06714/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 11 of its 60 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 13 Jul 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 11 of 11)

- [What Will 5G Be?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1405.2957/) (2014)
- [1-bit Massive MU-MIMO Precoding in VLSI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1702.03449/) (2017)
- [Massive MIMO 1-Bit DAC Transmission: A Low-Complexity Symbol Scaling Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1709.08278/) (2017)
- [A Framework for One-Bit and Constant-Envelope Precoding over Multiuser Massive MISO Channels](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.03159/) (2018)
- [Householder Dice: A Matrix-Free Algorithm for Simulating Dynamics on Gaussian and Random Orthogonal Ensembles](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.07464/) (2021)
- [Interference Exploitation 1-Bit Massive MIMO Precoding: A Partial Branch-and-Bound Solution with Near-Optimal Performance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.03678/) (2019)
- [Efficient CI-Based One-Bit Precoding for Multiuser Downlink Massive MIMO Systems with PSK Modulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.11628/) (2021)
- [Sharp Analysis of RLS-based Digital Precoder with Limited PAPR in Massive MIMO](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.12077/) (2022)
- [Efficient Quantized Constant Envelope Precoding for Multiuser Downlink Massive MIMO Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.14534/) (2022)
- [Diversity Order Analysis for Quantized Constant Envelope Transmission](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.14543/) (2022)
- [Linear One-Bit Precoding in Massive MIMO: Asymptotic SEP Analysis and Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.15260/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Asymptotic Analysis of One-bit Quantized Box-Constrained Precoding in Large-Scale Multi-User Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.02953/) (2025)
- [Asymptotic Analysis of Nonlinear One-Bit Precoding in Massive MIMO Systems via Approximate Message Passing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.13955/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

A promising approach to deal with the high hardware cost and energy consumption of massive MIMO transmitters is to use low-resolution digital-to-analog converters (DACs) at each antenna element. This leads to a transmission scheme where the transmitted signals are restricted to a finite set of voltage levels. This paper is concerned with the analysis and optimization of a low-cost quantized precoding strategy, referred to as linear-quantized precoding, for a downlink massive MIMO system under Rayleigh fading. In linear-quantized precoding, the signals are first processed by a linear precoding matrix and subsequently quantized component-wise by the DAC. In this paper, we analyze both the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and the symbol error probability (SEP) performances of such linear-quantized precoding schemes in an asymptotic framework where the number of transmit antennas and the number of users grow large with a fixed ratio. Our results provide a rigorous justification for the heuristic arguments based on the Bussgang decomposition that are commonly used in prior works. Based on the asymptotic analysis, we further derive the optimal precoder within a class of linear-quantized precoders that includes several popular precoders as special cases. Our numerical results demonstrate the excellent accuracy of the asymptotic analysis for finite systems and the optimality of the derived precoder.