# Hierarchical Federated Learning Incentivization for Gas Usage Estimation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.00233 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.00233/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 19 of its 43 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 1 Jul 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 19 of 19)

- [Data Shapley: Equitable Valuation of Data for Machine Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.02868/) (2019)
- [Privacy and Robustness in Federated Learning: Attacks and Defenses](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.06337/) (2020)
- [FedVision: An Online Visual Object Detection Platform Powered by Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.06202/) (2020)
- [Vertical Federated Learning: Concepts, Advances and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12814/) (2022)
- [Collaborative Fairness in Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.12161/) (2020)
- [Measure Contribution of Participants in Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.08525/) (2019)
- [Federated Learning for Edge Networks: Resource Optimization and Incentive Mechanism](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.05642/) (2019)
- [Towards Fairness-Aware Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.01872/) (2021)
- [FMore: An Incentive Scheme of Multi-dimensional Auction for Federated Learning in MEC](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.09699/) (2020)
- [Incentive Mechanisms for Federated Learning: From Economic and Game Theoretic Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.11850/) (2021)
- [A Comprehensive Survey of Incentive Mechanism for Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.15406/) (2021)
- [A Crowdsourcing Framework for On-Device Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.01046/) (2019)
- [A Survey on Vertical Federated Learning: From a Layered Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.01829/) (2023)
- [Hierarchically Fair Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.10386/) (2020)
- [Joint Service Pricing and Cooperative Relay Communication for Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.12082/) (2018)
- [Estimation of Individual Device Contributions for Incentivizing Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.09371/) (2020)
- [When Crowdsensing Meets Federated Learning: Privacy-Preserving Mobile Crowdsensing System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.10109/) (2021)
- [A Vertical Federated Learning Framework for Horizontally Partitioned Labels](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.10056/) (2021)
- [Efficient Training of Large-scale Industrial Fault Diagnostic Models through Federated Opportunistic Block Dropout](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.11485/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [A Survey on Contribution Evaluation in Vertical Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.02364/) (2024)
- [Efficient Leave-one-out Approximation in LLM Multi-agent Debate Based on Introspection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.22192/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Accurately estimating gas usage is essential for the efficient functioning of gas distribution networks and saving operational costs. Traditional methods rely on centralized data processing, which poses privacy risks. Federated learning (FL) offers a solution to this problem by enabling local data processing on each participant, such as gas companies and heating stations. However, local training and communication overhead may discourage gas companies and heating stations from actively participating in the FL training process. To address this challenge, we propose a Hierarchical FL Incentive Mechanism for Gas Usage Estimation (HI-GAS), which has been testbedded in the ENN Group, one of the leading players in the natural gas and green energy industry. It is designed to support horizontal FL among gas companies, and vertical FL among each gas company and heating station within a hierarchical FL ecosystem, rewarding participants based on their contributions to FL. In addition, a hierarchical FL model aggregation approach is also proposed to improve the gas usage estimation performance by aggregating models at different levels of the hierarchy. The incentive scheme employs a multi-dimensional contribution-aware reward distribution function that combines the evaluation of data quality and model contribution to incentivize both gas companies and heating stations within their jurisdiction while maintaining fairness. Results of extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism.