# Optimized Vectorizing of Building Structures with Switch: High-Efficiency Convolutional Channel-Switch Hybridization Strategy

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.15035 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.15035/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 8 of its 16 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 26 Jun 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 8 of 8)

- [Attention Mechanisms in Computer Vision: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.07624/) (2021)
- [End-to-End Wireframe Parsing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.03246/) (2019)
- [PPGNet: Learning Point-Pair Graph for Line Segment Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.03415/) (2019)
- [HEAT: Holistic Edge Attention Transformer for Structured Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.15143/) (2021)
- [Conv-MPN: Convolutional Message Passing Neural Network for Structured Outdoor Architecture Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.01756/) (2019)
- [Vectorizing World Buildings: Planar Graph Reconstruction by Primitive Detection and Relationship Inference](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.05135/) (2019)
- [A Differentiable Two-stage Alignment Scheme for Burst Image Reconstruction with Large Shift](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.09294/) (2022)
- [Structured Outdoor Architecture Reconstruction by Exploration and Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.07990/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Polygonizing Roof Segments from High-Resolution Aerial Images Using Yolov8-Based Edge Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.09187/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The building planar graph reconstruction, a.k.a. footprint reconstruction, which lies in the domain of computer vision and geoinformatics, has been long afflicted with the challenge of redundant parameters in conventional convolutional models. Therefore, in this letter, we proposed an advanced and adaptive shift architecture, namely the Switch operator, which incorporates non-exponential growth parameters while retaining analogous functionalities to integrate local feature spatial information, resembling a high-dimensional convolution operation. The Switch operator, cross-channel operation, architecture implements the XOR operation to alternately exchange adjacent or diagonal features, and then blends alternating channels through a 1x1 convolution operation to consolidate information from different channels. The SwitchNN architecture, on the other hand, incorporates a group-based parameter-sharing mechanism inspired by the convolutional neural network process and thereby significantly reducing the number of parameters. We validated our proposed approach through experiments on the SpaceNet corpus, a publicly available dataset annotated with 2,001 buildings across the cities of Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and Paris. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of this innovative architecture in building planar graph reconstruction from 2D building images.