# M3PT: A Multi-Modal Model for POI Tagging

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.10079 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.10079/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 27 of its 55 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 16 Jun 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 27 of 27)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11929/) (2020)
- [Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.10683/) (2019)
- [Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1506.01497/) (2015)
- [BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.12086/) (2022)
- [Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.05918/) (2021)
- [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of Language Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.11942/) (2019)
- [VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Language](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.03557/) (2019)
- [SimVLM: Simple Visual Language Model Pretraining with Weak Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.10904/) (2021)
- [Contrastive Learning of Medical Visual Representations from Paired Images and Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.00747/) (2020)
- [FILIP: Fine-grained Interactive Language-Image Pre-Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.07783/) (2021)
- [ERNIE: Enhanced Language Representation with Informative Entities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.07129/) (2019)
- [Understanding the Behaviour of Contrastive Loss](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.09740/) (2020)
- [Asymmetric Loss For Multi-Label Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.14119/) (2020)
- [VirTex: Learning Visual Representations from Textual Annotations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.06666/) (2020)
- [UNIMO: Towards Unified-Modal Understanding and Generation via Cross-Modal Contrastive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.15409/) (2020)
- [Seeing Out of tHe bOx: End-to-End Pre-training for Vision-Language Representation Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.03135/) (2021)
- [Query2Label: A Simple Transformer Way to Multi-Label Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.10834/) (2021)
- [Learning Visual Representations with Caption Annotations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.01392/) (2020)
- [TResNet: High Performance GPU-Dedicated Architecture](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.13630/) (2020)
- [M6: A Chinese Multimodal Pretrainer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00823/) (2021)
- [WenLan: Bridging Vision and Language by Large-Scale Multi-Modal Pre-Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.06561/) (2021)
- [NeXtVLAD: An Efficient Neural Network to Aggregate Frame-level Features for Large-scale Video Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.05014/) (2018)
- [Tailor Versatile Multi-modal Learning for Multi-label Emotion Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05834/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Urban Computing in the Era of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.02009/) (2025)
- [AdaptGOT: A Pre-trained Model for Adaptive Contextual POI Representation Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.21612/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

POI tagging aims to annotate a point of interest (POI) with some informative tags, which facilitates many services related to POIs, including search, recommendation, and so on. Most of the existing solutions neglect the significance of POI images and seldom fuse the textual and visual features of POIs, resulting in suboptimal tagging performance. In this paper, we propose a novel Multi-Modal Model for POI Tagging, namely M3PT, which achieves enhanced POI tagging through fusing the target POI's textual and visual features, and the precise matching between the multi-modal representations. Specifically, we first devise a domain-adaptive image encoder (DIE) to obtain the image embeddings aligned to their gold tags' semantics. Then, in M3PT's text-image fusion module (TIF), the textual and visual representations are fully fused into the POIs' content embeddings for the subsequent matching. In addition, we adopt a contrastive learning strategy to further bridge the gap between the representations of different modalities. To evaluate the tagging models' performance, we have constructed two high-quality POI tagging datasets from the real-world business scenario of Ali Fliggy. Upon the datasets, we conducted the extensive experiments to demonstrate our model's advantage over the baselines of uni-modality and multi-modality, and verify the effectiveness of important components in M3PT, including DIE, TIF and the contrastive learning strategy.