# Strokes2Surface: Recovering Curve Networks From 4D Architectural Design Sketches

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.07220 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.07220/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 7 of its 73 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 12 Jun 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1603.02754/) (2016)
- [Points2Surf: Learning Implicit Surfaces from Point Cloud Patches](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.10453/) (2020)
- [Sketch2Mesh: Reconstructing and Editing 3D Shapes from Sketches](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.00482/) (2021)
- [Point2Mesh: A Self-Prior for Deformable Meshes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.11084/) (2020)
- [ManifoldPlus: A Robust and Scalable Watertight Manifold Surface Generation Method for Triangle Soups](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.11621/) (2020)
- [Sketch2PQ: Freeform Planar Quadrilateral Mesh Design via a Single Sketch](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.09367/) (2022)
- [Vitruvio: 3D Building Meshes via Single Perspective Sketches](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.13634/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We present Strokes2Surface, an offline geometry reconstruction pipeline that recovers well-connected curve networks from imprecise 4D sketches to bridge concept design and digital modeling stages in architectural design. The input to our pipeline consists of 3D strokes' polyline vertices and their timestamps as the 4th dimension, along with additional metadata recorded throughout sketching. Inspired by architectural sketching practices, our pipeline combines a classifier and two clustering models to achieve its goal. First, with a set of extracted hand-engineered features from the sketch, the classifier recognizes the type of individual strokes between those depicting boundaries (Shape strokes) and those depicting enclosed areas (Scribble strokes). Next, the two clustering models parse strokes of each type into distinct groups, each representing an individual edge or face of the intended architectural object. Curve networks are then formed through topology recovery of consolidated Shape clusters and surfaced using Scribble clusters guiding the cycle discovery. Our evaluation is threefold: We confirm the usability of the Strokes2Surface pipeline in architectural design use cases via a user study, we validate our choice of features via statistical analysis and ablation studies on our collected dataset, and we compare our outputs against a range of reconstructions computed using alternative methods.