# Adversarial Attacks and Defenses for Semantic Communication in Vehicular Metaverses

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.03528 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.03528/

## Key facts

- Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 14 of its 29 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 6 Jun 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 14 of 14)

- [Intriguing properties of neural networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1312.6199/) (2013)
- [Theoretically Principled Trade-off between Robustness and Accuracy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.08573/) (2019)
- [Deep Learning Enabled Semantic Communication Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.10685/) (2020)
- [Semantic Communications for Future Internet: Fundamentals, Applications, and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.00427/) (2022)
- [Frequency-driven Imperceptible Adversarial Attack on Semantic Similarity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.05151/) (2022)
- [Task-Oriented Multi-User Semantic Communications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10255/) (2021)
- [Robust Semantic Communications with Masked VQ-VAE Enabled Codebook](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.04011/) (2022)
- [Deep Joint Source-Channel and Encryption Coding: Secure Semantic Communications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.09245/) (2022)
- [A Robust Deep Learning Enabled Semantic Communication System for Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.02596/) (2022)
- [Reliable Distributed Computing for Metaverse: A Hierarchical Game-Theoretic Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.10548/) (2021)
- [Towards a Decentralized Metaverse: Synchronized Orchestration of Digital Twins and Sub-Metaverses](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.14686/) (2022)
- [Rethinking Wireless Communication Security in Semantic Internet of Things](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.04474/) (2022)
- [Encrypted Semantic Communication Using Adversarial Training for Privacy Preserving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.09008/) (2022)
- [Context-Aware Security for 6G Wireless The Role of Physical Layer Security](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.01536/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [Resource-efficient Generative Mobile Edge Networks in 6G Era: Fundamentals, Framework and Case Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.12063/) (2023)
- [Blockchain-based Pseudonym Management for Vehicle Twin Migrations in Vehicular Edge Metaverse](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.15285/) (2024)
- [A Survey on Semantic Communications in Internet of Vehicles](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.03767/) (2025)
- [Asymmetric Diffusion Based Channel-Adaptive Secure Wireless Semantic Communications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.19439/) (2023)
- [On-demand Quantization for Green Federated Generative Diffusion in Mobile Edge Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.04430/) (2024)
- [Toward Mixture-of-Experts Enabled Trustworthy Semantic Communication for 6G Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.15695/) (2024)
- [Two-Timescale Model Caching and Resource Allocation for Edge-Enabled AI-Generated Content Services](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.01458/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

For vehicular metaverses, one of the ultimate user-centric goals is to optimize the immersive experience and Quality of Service (QoS) for users on board. Semantic Communication (SemCom) has been introduced as a revolutionary paradigm that significantly eases communication resource pressure for vehicular metaverse applications to achieve this goal. SemCom enables high-quality and ultra-efficient vehicular communication, even with explosively increasing data traffic among vehicles. In this article, we propose a hierarchical SemCom-enabled vehicular metaverses framework consisting of the global metaverse, local metaverses, SemCom module, and resource pool. The global and local metaverses are brand-new concepts from the metaverse's distribution standpoint. Considering the QoS of users, this article explores the potential security vulnerabilities of the proposed framework. To that purpose, this study highlights a specific security risk to the framework's SemCom module and offers a viable defense solution, so encouraging community researchers to focus more on vehicular metaverse security. Finally, we provide an overview of the open issues of secure SemCom in the vehicular metaverses, notably pointing out potential future research directions.