# chemSKI with tokens: world building and economy in the SKI universe

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00938 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.00938/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 3 of its 7 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 1 Jun 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [Combinatory Chemistry: Towards a Simple Model of Emergent Evolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.07916/) (2020)
- [Artificial chemistry experiments with chemlambda, lambda calculus, interaction combinators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.14332/) (2020)
- [Artificial life properties of directed interaction combinators vs. chemlambda](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.06060/) (2020)

## Abstract (arXiv)

chemSKI with tokens is a confluent graph rewrite system where all rewrites are local, which moreover can be used to do SKI calculus reductions. The graph rewrites of chemSKI are made conservative by the use of tokens. We thus achieve several goals: conservative rewrites in a chemical style, a solution to the problem of new edge names in a distributed, decentralized graphical reduction and a new estimation of the cost of a combinatory calculus computation. This formalism can be used either as an artificial chemistry or as a model of a virtual decentralized machine which performs only local reductions. A programs repository and the same article with simulations are available at github at https://mbuliga.github.io/chemski/chemski-with-tokens.html