# Confidence-Based Skill Reproduction Through Perturbation Analysis

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.03091 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.03091/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Robot learning from demonstration, one of 13 directions in Offline RL and imitation learning from data.
- First posted on arXiv 4 May 2023.

## Placed in

- Offline RL and imitation learning from data / [Robot learning from demonstration](https://mlsanity.com/offlinerl/robot-learning-from-demonstration/)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [One-Shot Multimodal Learning from Demonstration with Force-Constrained Elastic Maps](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.09515/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Several methods exist for teaching robots, with one of the most prominent being Learning from Demonstration (LfD). Many LfD representations can be formulated as constrained optimization problems. We propose a novel convex formulation of the LfD problem represented as elastic maps, which models reproductions as a series of connected springs. Relying on the properties of strong duality and perturbation analysis of the constrained optimization problem, we create a confidence metric. Our method allows the demonstrated skill to be reproduced with varying confidence level yielding different levels of smoothness and flexibility. Our confidence-based method provides reproductions of the skill that perform better for a given set of constraints. By analyzing the constraints, our method can also remove unnecessary constraints. We validate our approach using several simulated and real-world experiments using a Jaco2 7DOF manipulator arm.