# The Future of ChatGPT-enabled Labor Market: A Preliminary Study in China

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.09823 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.09823/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 3 of its 5 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 14 Apr 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentence Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1408.5882/) (2014)
- [GPTs are GPTs: An Early Look at the Labor Market Impact Potential of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.10130/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- ["Generate" the Future of Work through AI: Empirical Evidence from Online Labor Markets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.05201/) (2023)
- [The Costly Dilemma: Generalization, Evaluation and Cost-Optimal Deployment of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.08061/) (2023)
- [ChatGPT and the Labor Market: Unraveling the Effect of AI Discussions on Students' Earnings Expectations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.11900/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

As a phenomenal large language model, ChatGPT has achieved unparalleled success in various real-world tasks and increasingly plays an important role in our daily lives and work. However, extensive concerns are also raised about the potential ethical issues, especially about whether ChatGPT-like artificial general intelligence (AGI) will replace human jobs. To this end, in this paper, we introduce a preliminary data-driven study on the future of ChatGPT-enabled labor market from the view of Human-AI Symbiosis instead of Human-AI Confrontation. To be specific, we first conduct an in-depth analysis of large-scale job posting data in BOSS Zhipin, the largest online recruitment platform in China. The results indicate that about 28% of occupations in the current labor market require ChatGPT-related skills. Furthermore, based on a large-scale occupation-centered knowledge graph, we develop a semantic information enhanced collaborative filtering algorithm to predict the future occupation-skill relations in the labor market. As a result, we find that additional 45% occupations in the future will require ChatGPT-related skills. In particular, industries related to technology, products, and operations are expected to have higher proficiency requirements for ChatGPT-related skills, while the manufacturing, services, education, and health science related industries will have lower requirements for ChatGPT-related skills.