# Operational Research: Methods and Applications

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.14217 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.14217/

## Key facts

- Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 24 Mar 2023.

## Built on by (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [Diffusion Models as Constrained Samplers for Optimization with Unknown Constraints](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.18012/) (2024)
- [From Soliloquy to Agora: Memory-Enhanced LLM Agents with Decentralized Debate for Optimization Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.25847/) (2026)
- [CP-SynC: Multi-Agent Zero-Shot Constraint Modeling in MiniZinc with Synthesized Checkers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.01675/) (2026)
- [Coherent Local Explanations for Mathematical Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.04840/) (2025)
- [The Evolution and Future Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.01948/) (2024)
- [CORL: Reinforcement Learning of MILP Policies Solved via Branch and Bound](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.11169/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Throughout its history, Operational Research has evolved to include a variety of methods, models and algorithms that have been applied to a diverse and wide range of contexts. This encyclopedic article consists of two main sections: methods and applications. The first aims to summarise the up-to-date knowledge and provide an overview of the state-of-the-art methods and key developments in the various subdomains of the field. The second offers a wide-ranging list of areas where Operational Research has been applied. The article is meant to be read in a nonlinear fashion. It should be used as a point of reference or first-port-of-call for a diverse pool of readers: academics, researchers, students, and practitioners. The entries within the methods and applications sections are presented in alphabetical order. The authors dedicate this paper to the 2023 Turkey/Syria earthquake victims. We sincerely hope that advances in OR will play a role towards minimising the pain and suffering caused by this and future catastrophes.