# BiSVP: Building Footprint Extraction via Bidirectional Serialized Vertex Prediction

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.00300 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.00300/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 16 of its 29 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 1 Mar 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1405.0312/) (2014)
- [Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1506.01497/) (2015)
- [Mask R-CNN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.06870/) (2017)
- [Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.03144/) (2016)
- [Path Aggregation Network for Instance Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.01534/) (2018)
- [SpaceNet: A Remote Sensing Dataset and Challenge Series](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.01232/) (2018)
- [Efficient Interactive Annotation of Segmentation Datasets with Polygon-RNN++](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.09693/) (2018)
- [PolyTransform: Deep Polygon Transformer for Instance Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.02801/) (2019)
- [Annotating Object Instances with a Polygon-RNN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.05548/) (2017)
- [Topological Map Extraction from Overhead Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.01497/) (2018)
- [PolyWorld: Polygonal Building Extraction with Graph Neural Networks in Satellite Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.15491/) (2021)
- [Machine-learned Regularization and Polygonization of Building Segmentation Masks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.12587/) (2020)
- [Gaussian Constrained Attention Network for Scene Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.09169/) (2020)
- [Instance segmentation of buildings using keypoints](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.03858/) (2020)
- [Regularization of Building Boundaries in Satellite Images using Adversarial and Regularized Losses](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.11840/) (2020)
- [Quantization in Relative Gradient Angle Domain For Building Polygon Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.05617/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Enhancing Polygonal Building Segmentation via Oriented Corners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12256/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Extracting building footprints from remote sensing images has been attracting extensive attention recently. Dominant approaches address this challenging problem by generating vectorized building masks with cumbersome refinement stages, which limits the application of such methods. In this paper, we introduce a new refinement-free and end-to-end building footprint extraction method, which is conceptually intuitive, simple, and effective. Our method, termed as BiSVP, represents a building instance with ordered vertices and formulates the building footprint extraction as predicting the serialized vertices directly in a bidirectional fashion. Moreover, we propose a cross-scale feature fusion (CSFF) module to facilitate high resolution and rich semantic feature learning, which is essential for the dense building vertex prediction task. Without bells and whistles, our BiSVP outperforms state-of-the-art methods by considerable margins on three building instance segmentation benchmarks, clearly demonstrating its superiority. The code and datasets will be made public available.