# A Brief Report on LawGPT 1.0: A Virtual Legal Assistant Based on GPT-3

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.05729 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05729/

## Key facts

- Cited by 46 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 1 of its 1 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 Feb 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 46)

- [OlympiadBench: A Challenging Benchmark for Promoting AGI with Olympiad-Level Bilingual Multimodal Scientific Problems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.14008/) (2024)
- [Survey on Factuality in Large Language Models: Knowledge, Retrieval and Domain-Specificity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.07521/) (2023)
- [Defending Against Alignment-Breaking Attacks via Robustly Aligned LLM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.14348/) (2023)
- [Recommender Systems in the Era of Large Language Models (LLMs)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.02046/) (2023)
- [Fine-Tuning or Retrieval? Comparing Knowledge Injection in LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.05934/) (2023)
- [Large Language Models in Law: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.03718/) (2023)
- [Chatlaw: A Multi-Agent Legal Assistant based on a Role-Aligned Mixture-of-Experts Architecture](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.16092/) (2023)
- [Personalized Steering of Large Language Models: Versatile Steering Vectors Through Bi-directional Preference Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.00045/) (2024)
- [FinGPT: Democratizing Internet-scale Data for Financial Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.10485/) (2023)
- [ChatCounselor: A Large Language Models for Mental Health Support](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.15461/) (2023)
- [OWL: A Large Language Model for IT Operations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.09298/) (2023)
- [Differentially Private Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Model Using Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.17493/) (2023)
- [Stealthy and Persistent Unalignment on Large Language Models via Backdoor Injections](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.00027/) (2023)
- [GoldCoin: Grounding Large Language Models in Privacy Laws via Contextual Integrity Theory](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.11149/) (2024)
- [TCRA-LLM: Token Compression Retrieval Augmented Large Language Model for Inference Cost Reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.15556/) (2023)
- [LawGPT: A Chinese Legal Knowledge-Enhanced Large Language Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.04614/) (2024)
- [Interactive Natural Language Processing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.13246/) (2023)
- [Integration of Large Language Models and Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.08925/) (2023)
- [Grounding Foundation Models through Federated Transfer Learning: A General Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17431/) (2023)
- [Multilingual Large Language Models: A Systematic Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.11072/) (2024)
- [Lemur: Log Parsing with Entropy Sampling and Chain-of-Thought Merging](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.18205/) (2024)
- [Unearthing Large Scale Domain-Specific Knowledge from Public Corpora](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.14624/) (2024)
- [GPT for Games: A Scoping Review (2020-2023)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.17794/) (2024)
- [CLASH: Evaluating Language Models on Judging High-Stakes Dilemmas from Multiple Perspectives](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.10823/) (2025)
- [LexGPT 0.1: pre-trained GPT-J models with Pile of Law](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.05431/) (2023)
- [Marathon: A Race Through the Realm of Long Context with Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.09542/) (2023)
- [LawGPT: Knowledge-Guided Data Generation and Its Application to Legal LLM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.06572/) (2025)
- [Advancing and Benchmarking Personalized Tool Invocation for LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.04072/) (2025)
- [Structure-aware Domain Knowledge Injection for Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.16724/) (2024)
- [Pareto Optimal Learning for Estimating Large Language Model Errors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.16564/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

LawGPT 1.0 is a virtual legal assistant built on the state-of-the-art language model GPT-3, fine-tuned for the legal domain. The system is designed to provide legal assistance to users in a conversational manner, helping them with tasks such as answering legal questions, generating legal documents, and providing legal advice. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of LawGPT 1.0, its architecture, and its performance on a set of legal benchmark tasks. Please note that the detailed information about the model is protected by a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) and cannot be disclosed in this report.