# The RW3D: A multi-modal panel dataset to understand the psychological impact of the pandemic

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.00606 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.00606/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 3 of its 23 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 1 Feb 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [A large-scale COVID-19 Twitter chatter dataset for open scientific research -- an international collaboration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.03688/) (2020)
- [Measuring Emotions in the COVID-19 Real World Worry Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.04225/) (2020)
- [A repeated-measures study on emotional responses after a year in the pandemic](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.03466/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [LongEmotion: Measuring Emotional Intelligence of Large Language Models in Long-Context Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.07403/) (2025)
- [PsihoRo: Depression and Anxiety Romanian Text Corpus](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.18324/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Besides far-reaching public health consequences, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant psychological impact on people around the world. To gain further insight into this matter, we introduce the Real World Worry Waves Dataset (RW3D). The dataset combines rich open-ended free-text responses with survey data on emotions, significant life events, and psychological stressors in a repeated-measures design in the UK over three years (2020: n=2441, 2021: n=1716 and 2022: n=1152). This paper provides background information on the data collection procedure, the recorded variables, participants' demographics, and higher-order psychological and text-based derived variables that emerged from the data. The RW3D is a unique primary data resource that could inspire new research questions on the psychological impact of the pandemic, especially those that connect modalities (here: text data, psychological survey variables and demographics) over time.