# Face Generation and Editing with StyleGAN: A Survey

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.09102 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.09102/

## Key facts

- Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 78 of its 148 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 18 Dec 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 78)

- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1409.1556/) (2014)
- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.06125/) (2022)
- [Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.11487/) (2022)
- [A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.04948/) (2018)
- [Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.00667/) (2022)
- [Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.00567/) (2015)
- [Neural Discrete Representation Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.00937/) (2017)
- [MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.04861/) (2017)
- [Deep Learning Face Attributes in the Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1411.7766/) (2014)
- [Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGAN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.04958/) (2019)
- [Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.10196/) (2017)
- [Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1603.08155/) (2016)
- [InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.09800/) (2022)
- [Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.06868/) (2017)
- [Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.07945/) (2021)
- [Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Limited Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.06676/) (2020)
- [Alias-Free Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.12423/) (2021)
- [StyleCLIP: Text-Driven Manipulation of StyleGAN Imagery](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.17249/) (2021)
- [Encoding in Style: a StyleGAN Encoder for Image-to-Image Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.00951/) (2020)
- [Interpreting the Latent Space of GANs for Semantic Face Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.10786/) (2019)
- [Face2Face: Real-time Face Capture and Reenactment of RGB Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.14808/) (2020)
- [GANSpace: Discovering Interpretable GAN Controls](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.02546/) (2020)
- [The Perception-Distortion Tradeoff](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.06077/) (2017)
- [Designing an Encoder for StyleGAN Image Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.02766/) (2021)
- [MoCoGAN: Decomposing Motion and Content for Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.04993/) (2017)
- [StyleGAN-XL: Scaling StyleGAN to Large Diverse Datasets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.00273/) (2022)
- [StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.08985/) (2021)
- [Blended Latent Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.02779/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 28 of 28)

- [PhotoMaker: Customizing Realistic Human Photos via Stacked ID Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.04461/) (2023)
- [Deepfake Generation and Detection: A Benchmark and Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.17881/) (2024)
- [Video Diffusion Models: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.03150/) (2024)
- [Gradient-Free Textual Inversion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.05818/) (2023)
- [Compositional Generative Model of Unbounded 4D Cities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.08983/) (2025)
- [Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.13159/) (2025)
- [BOSC: A Backdoor-based Framework for Open Set Synthetic Image Attribution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.11491/) (2024)
- [Applications of Large Models in Medicine](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.17132/) (2025)
- [UniF2ace: A Unified Fine-grained Face Understanding and Generation Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.08120/) (2025)
- [Stroke-based Rendering: From Heuristics to Deep Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.00595/) (2022)
- [Text-guided Image-and-Shape Editing and Generation: A Short Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.09244/) (2023)
- [Learning Common and Salient Generative Factors Between Two Image Datasets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.12800/) (2025)
- [Diffusion Prism: Enhancing Diversity and Morphology Consistency in Mask-to-Image Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.00944/) (2025)
- [Synthetic Data Generation for Minimum-Exposure Navigation in a Time-Varying Environment using Generative AI Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.06619/) (2025)
- [EditEmoTalk: Controllable Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Continuous Expression Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.10000/) (2026)
- [FISTNet: FusIon of STyle-path generative Networks for Facial Style Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.09020/) (2023)
- [Subjective Face Transform using Human First Impressions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.15381/) (2023)
- [CleftGAN: Adapting A Style-Based Generative Adversarial Network To Create Images Depicting Cleft Lip Deformity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.07969/) (2023)
- [Disentangle Before Anonymize: A Two-stage Framework for Attribute-preserved and Occlusion-robust De-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.08786/) (2023)
- [High-Quality Face Caricature via Style Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.13338/) (2023)
- [Revisiting Face Forgery Detection: From Facial Representation to Forgery Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16945/) (2024)
- [STEVE-Audio: Expanding the Goal Conditioning Modalities of Embodied Agents in Minecraft](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.00949/) (2024)
- [A Segmentation-driven Editing Method for Bolt Defect Augmentation and Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.10509/) (2025)
- [U-Face: An Efficient and Generalizable Framework for Unsupervised Facial Attribute Editing via Subspace Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.14004/) (2026)
- [Mitigating Data Scarcity in Spaceflight Applications for Offline Reinforcement Learning Using Physics-Informed Deep Generative Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.02438/) (2026)
- [FVeinSyn: Synthetic Finger Vein Image Generator](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.27527/) (2026)
- [Long-Tail Adaptive Flow Matching with Explicit Conditional Consistency Guidance for Precise Multimodal Face Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.29581/) (2026)
- [DIME: Scaling Facial Representation Learning via Differential Masked Autoencoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.17015/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Our goal with this survey is to provide an overview of the state of the art deep learning methods for face generation and editing using StyleGAN. The survey covers the evolution of StyleGAN, from PGGAN to StyleGAN3, and explores relevant topics such as suitable metrics for training, different latent representations, GAN inversion to latent spaces of StyleGAN, face image editing, cross-domain face stylization, face restoration, and even Deepfake applications. We aim to provide an entry point into the field for readers that have basic knowledge about the field of deep learning and are looking for an accessible introduction and overview.