# Towards a Decentralized Metaverse: Synchronized Orchestration of Digital Twins and Sub-Metaverses

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.14686 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.14686/

## Key facts

- Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 26 Nov 2022.

## Built on by (most cited first, 12 of 12)

- [Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)-Native Wireless Systems: A Journey Beyond 6G](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.02336/) (2024)
- [A Bayesian Framework for Digital Twin-Based Control, Monitoring, and Data Collection in Wireless Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.01351/) (2022)
- [Causal Semantic Communication for Digital Twins: A Generalizable Imitation Learning Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.12502/) (2023)
- [Adversarial Attacks and Defenses for Semantic Communication in Vehicular Metaverses](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.03528/) (2023)
- [Enabling the Wireless Metaverse via Semantic Multiverse Communication](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.06908/) (2022)
- [The Seven Worlds and Experiences of the Wireless Metaverse: Challenges and Opportunities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.10282/) (2023)
- [Internet of Federated Digital Twins (IoFDT): Connecting Twins Beyond Borders for Society 5.0](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.06432/) (2023)
- [Semantic Information Marketing in The Metaverse: A Learning-Based Contract Theory Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.11457/) (2023)
- [Automatic AI Model Selection for Wireless Systems: Online Learning via Digital Twinning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.15819/) (2024)
- [Reliable Beamforming at Terahertz Bands: Are Causal Representations the Way Forward?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.08017/) (2023)
- [Metaverse Survey & Tutorial: Exploring Key Requirements, Technologies, Standards, Applications, Challenges, and Perspectives](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.04718/) (2024)
- [Task-Oriented Edge-Assisted Cross-System Design for Real-Time Human-Robot Interaction in Industrial Metaverse](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.20664/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Accommodating digital twins (DTs) in the metaverse is essential to achieving digital reality. This need for integrating DTs into the metaverse while operating them at the network edge has increased the demand for a decentralized edge-enabled metaverse. Hence, to consolidate the fusion between real and digital entities, it is necessary to harmonize the interoperability between DTs and the metaverse at the edge. In this paper, a novel decentralized metaverse framework that incorporates DT operations at the wireless edge is presented. In particular, a system of autonomous physical twins (PTs) operating in a massively-sensed zone is replicated as cyber twins (CTs) at the mobile edge computing (MEC) servers. To render the CTs' digital environment, this zone is partitioned and teleported as distributed sub-metaverses to the MEC servers. To guarantee seamless synchronization of the sub-metaverses and their associated CTs with the dynamics of the real world and PTs, respectively, this joint synchronization problem is posed as an optimization problem whose goal is to minimize the average sub-synchronization time between the real and digital worlds, while meeting the DT synchronization intensity requirements. To solve this problem, a novel iterative algorithm for joint sub-metaverse and DT association at the MEC servers is proposed. This algorithm exploits the rigorous framework of optimal transport theory so as to efficiently distribute the sub-metaverses and DTs, while considering the computing and communication resource allocations. Simulation results show that the proposed solution can orchestrate the interplay between DTs and sub-metaverses to achieve a 25.75 % reduction in the sub-synchronization time in comparison to the signal-to-noise ratio-based association scheme.