# DEYO: DETR with YOLO for Step-by-Step Object Detection

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06588 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.06588/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 39 of its 45 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 12 Nov 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 39)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1412.6980/) (2014)
- [Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1405.0312/) (2014)
- [Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.14030/) (2021)
- [Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1506.01497/) (2015)
- [End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.12872/) (2020)
- [Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.03144/) (2016)
- [You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1506.02640/) (2015)
- [Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasoners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.11916/) (2022)
- [Deformable DETR: Deformable Transformers for End-to-End Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.04159/) (2020)
- [SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.02325/) (2015)
- [Fast R-CNN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1504.08083/) (2015)
- [YOLOv3: An Incremental Improvement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.02767/) (2018)
- [Rich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1311.2524/) (2013)
- [YOLOv4: Optimal Speed and Accuracy of Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.10934/) (2020)
- [FCOS: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.01355/) (2019)
- [YOLO9000: Better, Faster, Stronger](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.08242/) (2016)
- [DINO: DETR with Improved DeNoising Anchor Boxes for End-to-End Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.03605/) (2022)
- [YOLOX: Exceeding YOLO Series in 2021](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.08430/) (2021)
- [YOLOv7: Trainable bag-of-freebies sets new state-of-the-art for real-time object detectors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.02696/) (2022)
- [Path Aggregation Network for Instance Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.01534/) (2018)
- [CornerNet: Detecting Objects as Paired Keypoints](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.01244/) (2018)
- [Focal Loss for Dense Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.02002/) (2017)
- [CenterNet: Keypoint Triplets for Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.08189/) (2019)
- [DAB-DETR: Dynamic Anchor Boxes are Better Queries for DETR](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.12329/) (2022)
- [Sparse R-CNN: End-to-End Object Detection with Learnable Proposals](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.12450/) (2020)
- [DN-DETR: Accelerate DETR Training by Introducing Query DeNoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.01305/) (2022)
- [Hybrid Task Cascade for Instance Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.07518/) (2019)
- [Conditional DETR for Fast Training Convergence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.06152/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [A Comprehensive Review of YOLO Architectures in Computer Vision: From YOLOv1 to YOLOv8 and YOLO-NAS](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.00501/) (2023)
- [YOLOv1 to YOLOv10: The fastest and most accurate real-time object detection systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.09332/) (2024)
- [DEYOv2: Rank Feature with Greedy Matching for End-to-End Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.09165/) (2023)
- [DEYOv3: DETR with YOLO for Real-time Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.11851/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Object detection is an important topic in computer vision, with post-processing, an essential part of the typical object detection pipeline, posing a significant bottleneck affecting the performance of traditional object detection models. The detection transformer (DETR), as the first end-to-end target detection model, discards the requirement of manual components like the anchor and non-maximum suppression (NMS), significantly simplifying the target detection process. However, compared with most traditional object detection models, DETR converges very slowly, and a query's meaning is obscure. Thus, inspired by the Step-by-Step concept, this paper proposes a new two-stage object detection model, named DETR with YOLO (DEYO), which relies on a progressive inference to solve the above problems. DEYO is a two-stage architecture comprising a classic target detection model and a DETR-like model as the first and second stages, respectively. Specifically, the first stage provides high-quality query and anchor feeding into the second stage, improving the performance and efficiency of the second stage compared to the original DETR model. Meanwhile, the second stage compensates for the performance degradation caused by the first stage detector's limitations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that DEYO attains 50.6 AP and 52.1 AP in 12 and 36 epochs, respectively, while utilizing ResNet-50 as the backbone and multi-scale features on the COCO dataset. Compared with DINO, an optimal DETR-like model, the developed DEYO model affords a significant performance improvement of 1.6 AP and 1.2 AP in two epoch settings.