# Multi-Scale Structural-aware Exposure Correction for Endoscopic Imaging

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.15033 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.15033/

## Key facts

- Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 10 of its 22 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 26 Oct 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 10 of 10)

- [Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.00667/) (2022)
- [Deep Retinex Decomposition for Low-Light Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.04560/) (2018)
- [Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimation for Low-Light Image Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.06826/) (2020)
- [Unsupervised Scale-consistent Depth and Ego-motion Learning from Monocular Video](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.10553/) (2019)
- [Low-Light Image Enhancement with Normalizing Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.05923/) (2021)
- [Self-Supervised Monocular Depth and Ego-Motion Estimation in Endoscopy: Appearance Flow to the Rescue](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.08122/) (2021)
- [A deep learning framework for quality assessment and restoration in video endoscopy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.07073/) (2019)
- [Real-time Instance Segmentation of Surgical Instruments using Attention and Multi-scale Feature Fusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.04911/) (2021)
- [Assessing YOLACT++ for real time and robust instance segmentation of medical instruments in endoscopic procedures](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.15997/) (2021)
- [A Novel Hybrid Endoscopic Dataset for Evaluating Machine Learning-based Photometric Image Enhancement Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.02396/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [FD-Vision Mamba for Endoscopic Exposure Correction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.06378/) (2024)
- [EndoUIC: Promptable Diffusion Transformer for Unified Illumination Correction in Capsule Endoscopy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.13705/) (2024)
- [Endo-4DGX: Robust Endoscopic Scene Reconstruction and Illumination Correction with Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.23308/) (2025)
- [EndoIR: Degradation-Agnostic All-in-One Endoscopic Image Restoration via Noise-Aware Routing Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.05873/) (2025)
- [Deep learning-based image exposure enhancement as a pre-processing for an accurate 3D colon surface reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.03171/) (2023)
- [FedAgain: A Trust-Based and Robust Federated Learning Strategy for an Automated Kidney Stone Identification in Ureteroscopy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.19512/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Endoscopy is the most widely used imaging technique for the diagnosis of cancerous lesions in hollow organs. However, endoscopic images are often affected by illumination artefacts: image parts may be over- or underexposed according to the light source pose and the tissue orientation. These artifacts have a strong negative impact on the performance of computer vision or AI-based diagnosis tools. Although endoscopic image enhancement methods are greatly required, little effort has been devoted to over- and under-exposition enhancement in real-time. This contribution presents an extension to the objective function of LMSPEC, a method originally introduced to enhance images from natural scenes. It is used here for the exposure correction in endoscopic imaging and the preservation of structural information. To the best of our knowledge, this contribution is the first one that addresses the enhancement of endoscopic images using deep learning (DL) methods. Tested on the Endo4IE dataset, the proposed implementation has yielded a significant improvement over LMSPEC reaching a SSIM increase of 4.40% and 4.21% for over- and underexposed images, respectively.