# Conglomerate Multi-Fidelity Gaussian Process Modeling, with Application to Heavy-Ion Collisions

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.13748 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.13748/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 27 Sep 2022.

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [Additive Multi-Index Gaussian process modeling, with application to multi-physics surrogate modeling of the quark-gluon plasma](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.07299/) (2023)
- [Efficient optimization of expensive black-box simulators via marginal means, with application to neutrino detector design](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.01834/) (2025)
- [Local transfer learning Gaussian process modeling, with applications to surrogate modeling of expensive computer simulators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.12690/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In an era where scientific experimentation is often costly, multi-fidelity emulation provides a powerful tool for predictive scientific computing. While there has been notable work on multi-fidelity modeling, existing models do not incorporate an important "conglomerate" property of multi-fidelity simulators, where the accuracies of different simulator components are controlled by different fidelity parameters. Such conglomerate simulators are widely encountered in complex nuclear physics and astrophysics applications. We thus propose a new CONglomerate multi-FIdelity Gaussian process (CONFIG) model, which embeds this conglomerate structure within a novel non-stationary covariance function. We show that the proposed CONFIG model can capture prior knowledge on the numerical convergence of conglomerate simulators, which allows for cost-efficient emulation of multi-fidelity systems. We demonstrate the improved predictive performance of CONFIG over state-of-the-art models in a suite of numerical experiments and two applications, the first for emulation of cantilever beam deflection and the second for emulating the evolution of the quark-gluon plasma, which was theorized to have filled the Universe shortly after the Big Bang.