# Understanding Skills for OSS Communities on GitHub

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.02222 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.02222/

## Key facts

- Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 6 Sep 2022.

## Built on by (most cited first, 9 of 9)

- [A Large-Scale Survey on the Usability of AI Programming Assistants: Successes and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.17125/) (2023)
- [Prompts Are Programs Too! Understanding How Developers Build Software Containing Prompts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.12447/) (2024)
- [Can GPT-4 Replicate Empirical Software Engineering Research?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.01727/) (2023)
- [TableTalk: Scaffolding Spreadsheet Development with a Language Agent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.09787/) (2025)
- [WebTestBench: Evaluating Computer-Use Agents towards End-to-End Automated Web Testing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.25226/) (2026)
- [Developer Perspectives on Licensing and Copyright Issues Arising from Generative AI for Software Development](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.10877/) (2024)
- [SkillScope: A Tool to Predict Fine-Grained Skills Needed to Solve Issues on GitHub](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.15922/) (2025)
- [Understanding Prompt Programming Tasks and Questions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.17264/) (2025)
- [From Conversation to Contribution: Characterizing Coding Agent in Open-Source Software](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.05677/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The development of open source software (OSS) is a broad field which requires diverse skill sets. For example, maintainers help lead the project and promote its longevity, technical writers assist with documentation, bug reporters identify defects in software, and developers program the software. However, it is unknown which skills are used in OSS development as well as OSS contributors' general attitudes towards skills in OSS. In this paper, we address this gap by administering a survey to a diverse set of 455 OSS contributors. Guided by these responses as well as prior literature on software development expertise and social factors of OSS, we develop a model of skills in OSS that considers the many contexts OSS contributors work in. This model has 45 skills in the following 9 categories: technical skills, working styles, problem solving, contribution types, project-specific skills, interpersonal skills, external relations, management, and characteristics. Through a mix of qualitative and quantitative analyses, we find that OSS contributors are actively motivated to improve skills and perceive many benefits in sharing their skills with others. We then use this analysis to derive a set of design implications and best practices for those who incorporate skills into OSS tools and platforms, such as GitHub.