# Language-independence of DisCoCirc's Text Circuits: English and Urdu

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.10281 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.10281/

## Key facts

- Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 7 of its 16 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 Aug 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [Foundations for Near-Term Quantum Natural Language Processing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.03755/) (2020)
- [The Frobenius anatomy of word meanings I: subject and object relative pronouns](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1404.5278/) (2014)
- [The Mathematics of Text Structure](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.03478/) (2019)
- [Conversational Negation using Worldly Context in Compositional Distributional Semantics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.05748/) (2021)
- [Grammar Equations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.07485/) (2021)
- [Composing Conversational Negation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.06820/) (2021)
- [Talking Space: inference from spatial linguistic meanings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.06554/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Distilling Text into Circuits](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.10595/) (2023)
- [Quantum Natural Language Processing: A Comprehensive Review of Models, Methods, and Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.09909/) (2025)
- [A Pipeline For Discourse Circuits From CCG](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17892/) (2023)
- [Efficient Generation of Parameterised Quantum Circuits from Large Texts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.13208/) (2025)
- [Quantum Compositional NLP for Arabic: Grammar, Morphology, and Word Sense in Circuit Topology](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.14100/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

DisCoCirc is a newly proposed framework for representing the grammar and semantics of texts using compositional, generative circuits. While it constitutes a development of the Categorical Distributional Compositional (DisCoCat) framework, it exposes radically new features. In particular, [14] suggested that DisCoCirc goes some way toward eliminating grammatical differences between languages. In this paper we provide a sketch that this is indeed the case for restricted fragments of English and Urdu. We first develop DisCoCirc for a fragment of Urdu, as it was done for English in [14]. There is a simple translation from English grammar to Urdu grammar, and vice versa. We then show that differences in grammatical structure between English and Urdu - primarily relating to the ordering of words and phrases - vanish when passing to DisCoCirc circuits.