# On the limits of perceptual quality measures for enhanced underwater images

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.05470 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.05470/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 5 of its 29 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 12 Jul 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [An Underwater Image Enhancement Benchmark Dataset and Beyond](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.05495/) (2019)
- [Underwater Image Enhancement via Medium Transmission-Guided Multi-Color Space Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.13015/) (2021)
- [WaterGAN: Unsupervised Generative Network to Enable Real-time Color Correction of Monocular Underwater Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1702.07392/) (2017)
- [Underwater Single Image Color Restoration Using Haze-Lines and a New Quantitative Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.01343/) (2018)
- [Diving Deeper into Underwater Image Enhancement: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.07863/) (2019)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [MV-Adapter: Enhancing Underwater Instance Segmentation via Adaptive Channel Attention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.00472/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The appearance of objects in underwater images is degraded by the selective attenuation of light, which reduces contrast and causes a colour cast. This degradation depends on the water environment, and increases with depth and with the distance of the object from the camera. Despite an increasing volume of works in underwater image enhancement and restoration, the lack of a commonly accepted evaluation measure is hindering the progress as it is difficult to compare methods. In this paper, we review commonly used colour accuracy measures, such as colour reproduction error and CIEDE2000, and no-reference image quality measures, such as UIQM, UCIQE and CCF, which have not yet been systematically validated. We show that none of the no-reference quality measures satisfactorily rates the quality of enhanced underwater images and discuss their main shortcomings. Images and results are available at https://puiqe.eecs.qmul.ac.uk.