# Numerical Comparisons of Linear Power Flow Approximations: Optimality, Feasibility, and Computation Time

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.05216 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.05216/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 11 Jul 2022.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Beyond the Neural Fog: Interpretable Learning for AC Optimal Power Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.05228/) (2024)
- [Revisiting Deep AC-OPF](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.00655/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Linear approximations of the AC power flow equations are of great significance for the computational efficiency of large-scale optimal power flow (OPF) problems. Put differently, the feasibility of the obtained solution is essential for practical use cases of OPF. However, most studies focus on approximation error and come short of comprehensively studying the AC feasibility of different linear approximations of power flow. This paper discusses the merits of widely-used linear approximations of active power in OPF problems. The advantages and disadvantages of the linearized models are discussed with respect to four criteria; accuracy of the linear approximation, optimality, feasibility, and computation time. Each method is tested on five different systems.