# BlazePose GHUM Holistic: Real-time 3D Human Landmarks and Pose Estimation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.11678 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.11678/

## Key facts

- Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 14 of its 21 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 Jun 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 14 of 14)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [MLP-Mixer: An all-MLP Architecture for Vision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.01601/) (2021)
- [On the Continuity of Rotation Representations in Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.07035/) (2018)
- [Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loop](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.12828/) (2019)
- [MediaPipe Hands: On-device Real-time Hand Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.10214/) (2020)
- [BodyNet: Volumetric Inference of 3D Human Body Shapes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.04875/) (2018)
- [BlazePose: On-device Real-time Body Pose tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.10204/) (2020)
- [Ordinal Depth Supervision for 3D Human Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.04095/) (2018)
- [Weakly Supervised 3D Human Pose and Shape Reconstruction with Normalizing Flows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.10350/) (2020)
- [Neural Descent for Visual 3D Human Pose and Shape](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.06910/) (2020)
- [THUNDR: Transformer-based 3D HUmaN Reconstruction with Markers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.09336/) (2021)
- [HSPACE: Synthetic Parametric Humans Animated in Complex Environments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.12867/) (2021)
- [SimPose: Effectively Learning DensePose and Surface Normals of People from Simulated Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.15506/) (2020)
- [On-device Real-time Hand Gesture Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.00038/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 13 of 13)

- [PyMAF-X: Towards Well-aligned Full-body Model Regression from Monocular Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.06400/) (2022)
- [Social-Transmotion: Promptable Human Trajectory Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.16168/) (2023)
- [Robots That Can See: Leveraging Human Pose for Trajectory Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.17209/) (2023)
- [Multi-Transmotion: Pre-trained Model for Human Motion Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.02673/) (2024)
- [Structured 3D Features for Reconstructing Controllable Avatars](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.06820/) (2022)
- [Physical Plausibility-aware Trajectory Prediction via Locomotion Embodiment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.17267/) (2025)
- [PresSim: An End-to-end Framework for Dynamic Ground Pressure Profile Generation from Monocular Videos Using Physics-based 3D Simulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.00391/) (2023)
- [Metamorphic Testing for Pose Estimation Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.09460/) (2025)
- [SkelCap: Automated Generation of Descriptive Text from Skeleton Keypoint Sequences](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.02977/) (2024)
- [Isolated Sign Language Recognition with Segmentation and Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.14876/) (2025)
- [AIGaitor: Privacy-preserving and cloud-free motion analysis for everyone, using edge computing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.21421/) (2026)
- [Impact Detection in Fall Events: Leveraging Spatio-Temporal Graph Convolutional Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks Using 3D Skeletons Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.25710/) (2026)
- [TransHands: Repurposing Human Pose Encoders as Hand Pose Encoders](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.22341/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We present BlazePose GHUM Holistic, a lightweight neural network pipeline for 3D human body landmarks and pose estimation, specifically tailored to real-time on-device inference. BlazePose GHUM Holistic enables motion capture from a single RGB image including avatar control, fitness tracking and AR/VR effects. Our main contributions include i) a novel method for 3D ground truth data acquisition, ii) updated 3D body tracking with additional hand landmarks and iii) full body pose estimation from a monocular image.