# Scoring Coreference Chains with Split-Antecedent Anaphors

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.12323 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.12323/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 11 of its 95 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 24 May 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 11 of 11)

- [SpanBERT: Improving Pre-training by Representing and Predicting Spans](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.10529/) (2019)
- [End-to-end Neural Coreference Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.07045/) (2017)
- [Higher-order Coreference Resolution with Coarse-to-fine Inference](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.05392/) (2018)
- [Improving Coreference Resolution by Learning Entity-Level Distributed Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1606.01323/) (2016)
- [Learning Global Features for Coreference Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1604.03035/) (2016)
- [Bridging Anaphora Resolution as Question Answering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.07898/) (2020)
- [A Cluster Ranking Model for Full Anaphora Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.09532/) (2019)
- [Multi-task Learning Based Neural Bridging Reference Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.03666/) (2020)
- [Free the Plural: Unrestricted Split-Antecedent Anaphora Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.00245/) (2020)
- [A Mention-Ranking Model for Abstract Anaphora Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.02256/) (2017)
- [Stay Together: A System for Single and Split-antecedent Anaphora Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.05320/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Few-Shot Anaphora Resolution in Scientific Protocols via Mixtures of In-Context Experts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.03690/) (2022)
- [Mention Annotations Alone Enable Efficient Domain Adaptation for Coreference Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.07602/) (2022)
- [Multilingual Coreference Resolution in Low-resource South Asian Languages](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.13571/) (2024)
- [A Circuit for Plural Reference: How LLMs Represent and Retrieve Singular and Plural Entities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.03687/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Anaphoric reference is an aspect of language interpretation covering a variety of types of interpretation beyond the simple case of identity reference to entities introduced via nominal expressions covered by the traditional coreference task in its most recent incarnation in ONTONOTES and similar datasets. One of these cases that go beyond simple coreference is anaphoric reference to entities that must be added to the discourse model via accommodation, and in particular split-antecedent references to entities constructed out of other entities, as in split-antecedent plurals and in some cases of discourse deixis. Although this type of anaphoric reference is now annotated in many datasets, systems interpreting such references cannot be evaluated using the Reference coreference scorer Pradhan et al. (2014). As part of the work towards a new scorer for anaphoric reference able to evaluate all aspects of anaphoric interpretation in the coverage of the Universal Anaphora initiative, we propose in this paper a solution to the technical problem of generalizing existing metrics for identity anaphora so that they can also be used to score cases of split-antecedents. This is the first such proposal in the literature on anaphora or coreference, and has been successfully used to score both split-antecedent plural references and discourse deixis in the recent CODI/CRAC anaphora resolution in dialogue shared tasks.