# An Overview of Recent Work in Media Forensics: Methods and Threats

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.12067 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.12067/

## Key facts

- Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 82 of its 221 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 26 Apr 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 82)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [Language Models are Few-Shot Learners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.14165/) (2020)
- [Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.13456/) (2020)
- [Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.05233/) (2021)
- [Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.06125/) (2022)
- [EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.11946/) (2019)
- [A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.04948/) (2018)
- [Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.12092/) (2021)
- [Going Deeper with Convolutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1409.4842/) (2014)
- [Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGAN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.04958/) (2019)
- [Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.09841/) (2020)
- [Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.10196/) (2017)
- [Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1809.11096/) (2018)
- [Oscar: Object-Semantics Aligned Pre-training for Vision-Language Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.06165/) (2020)
- [Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.07945/) (2021)
- [Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Limited Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.06676/) (2020)
- [Alias-Free Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.12423/) (2021)
- [Joint Face Detection and Alignment using Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1604.02878/) (2016)
- [CNN-generated images are surprisingly easy to spot... for now](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.11035/) (2019)
- [Natural TTS Synthesis by Conditioning WaveNet on Mel Spectrogram Predictions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.05884/) (2017)
- [Score-based Generative Modeling in Latent Space](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.05931/) (2021)
- [Conditional Variational Autoencoder with Adversarial Learning for End-to-End Text-to-Speech](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.06103/) (2021)
- [Defending Against Neural Fake News](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.12616/) (2019)
- [Grad-TTS: A Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Text-to-Speech](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.06337/) (2021)
- [Stacked Cross Attention for Image-Text Matching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.08024/) (2018)
- [Towards Fast, Accurate and Stable 3D Dense Face Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.09960/) (2020)
- [Media Forensics and DeepFakes: an overview](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.06564/) (2020)
- [A Review on Generative Adversarial Networks: Algorithms, Theory, and Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.06937/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [The Age of Synthetic Realities: Challenges and Opportunities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.11503/) (2023)
- [Transformer-Based Speech Synthesizer Attribution in an Open Set Scenario](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.07546/) (2022)
- [DiffSSD: A Diffusion-Based Dataset For Speech Forensics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.13049/) (2024)
- [Compression Robust Synthetic Speech Detection Using Patched Spectrogram Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.14205/) (2024)
- [Speaker Retrieval in the Wild: Challenges, Effectiveness and Robustness](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.18950/) (2025)
- [H4VDM: H.264 Video Device Matching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.11549/) (2022)
- [HISPASpoof: A New Dataset For Spanish Speech Forensics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.09155/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we review recent work in media forensics for digital images, video, audio (specifically speech), and documents. For each data modality, we discuss synthesis and manipulation techniques that can be used to create and modify digital media. We then review technological advancements for detecting and quantifying such manipulations. Finally, we consider open issues and suggest directions for future research.