# Multi-label Transformer for Action Unit Detection

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.12531 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.12531/

## Key facts

- Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 20 of its 30 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 Mar 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 20 of 20)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11929/) (2020)
- [Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.00567/) (2015)
- [mixup: Beyond Empirical Risk Minimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.09412/) (2017)
- [Expression, Affect, Action Unit Recognition: Aff-Wild2, Multi-Task Learning and ArcFace](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.04855/) (2019)
- [Deep Affect Prediction in-the-wild: Aff-Wild Database and Challenge, Deep Architectures, and Beyond](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.10938/) (2018)
- [Analysing Affective Behavior in the First ABAW 2020 Competition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.11409/) (2020)
- [Affect Analysis in-the-wild: Valence-Arousal, Expressions, Action Units and a Unified Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.15792/) (2021)
- [Distribution Matching for Heterogeneous Multi-Task Learning: a Large-scale Face Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.03790/) (2021)
- [Analysing Affective Behavior in the second ABAW2 Competition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.15318/) (2021)
- [ABAW: Valence-Arousal Estimation, Expression Recognition, Action Unit Detection & Multi-Task Learning Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.10659/) (2022)
- [Face Behavior a la carte: Expressions, Affect and Action Units in a Single Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.11111/) (2019)
- [Query2Label: A Simple Transformer Way to Multi-Label Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.10834/) (2021)
- [JhatAA-Net: Joint Facial Action Unit Detection and Face Alignment via Adaptive Attention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.08834/) (2020)
- [Deep Adaptive Attention for Joint Facial Action Unit Detection and Face Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.05588/) (2018)
- [Facial Action Unit Detection Using Attention and Relation Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.03457/) (2018)
- [Deep Structure Inference Network for Facial Action Unit Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.05873/) (2018)
- [EAC-Net: A Region-based Deep Enhancing and Cropping Approach for Facial Action Unit Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1702.02925/) (2017)
- [Multi-Order Networks for Action Unit Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.00446/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 9 of 9)

- [ABAW: Learning from Synthetic Data & Multi-Task Learning Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.01138/) (2022)
- [ABAW: Valence-Arousal Estimation, Expression Recognition, Action Unit Detection & Emotional Reaction Intensity Estimation Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.01498/) (2023)
- [The 6th Affective Behavior Analysis in-the-wild (ABAW) Competition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.19344/) (2024)
- [7th ABAW Competition: Multi-Task Learning and Compound Expression Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.03835/) (2024)
- [Affective Behaviour Analysis via Integrating Multi-Modal Knowledge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.10825/) (2024)
- [Affective Behaviour Analysis via Progressive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.16945/) (2024)
- [Facial Affect Recognition based on Transformer Encoder and Audiovisual Fusion for the ABAW5 Challenge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09158/) (2023)
- [Facial Affect Recognition based on Multi Architecture Encoder and Feature Fusion for the ABAW7 Challenge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12258/) (2024)
- [Multi-Task Transformer with uncertainty modelling for Face Based Affective Computing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.03506/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Action Unit (AU) Detection is the branch of affective computing that aims at recognizing unitary facial muscular movements. It is key to unlock unbiased computational face representations and has therefore aroused great interest in the past few years. One of the main obstacles toward building efficient deep learning based AU detection system is the lack of wide facial image databases annotated by AU experts. In that extent the ABAW challenge paves the way toward better AU detection as it involves a 2M frames AU annotated dataset. In this paper, we present our submission to the ABAW3 challenge. In a nutshell, we applied a multi-label detection transformer that leverage multi-head attention to learn which part of the face image is the most relevant to predict each AU.