# Ev-TTA: Test-Time Adaptation for Event-Based Object Recognition

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.12247 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.12247/

## Key facts

- Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 29 of its 50 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 Mar 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 29 of 29)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1412.6980/) (2014)
- [PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.01703/) (2019)
- [ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1409.0575/) (2014)
- [Unsupervised Domain Adaptation by Backpropagation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1409.7495/) (2014)
- [Deep Domain Confusion: Maximizing for Domain Invariance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1412.3474/) (2014)
- [Converting Static Image Datasets to Spiking Neuromorphic Datasets Using Saccades](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1507.07629/) (2015)
- ["Zero-Shot" Super-Resolution using Deep Internal Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.06087/) (2017)
- [EV-FlowNet: Self-Supervised Optical Flow Estimation for Event-based Cameras](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.06898/) (2018)
- [HATS: Histograms of Averaged Time Surfaces for Robust Event-based Object Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.07913/) (2018)
- [End-to-End Learning of Representations for Asynchronous Event-Based Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.08245/) (2019)
- [Event-based Vision meets Deep Learning on Steering Prediction for Self-driving Cars](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.01310/) (2018)
- [Events-to-Video: Bringing Modern Computer Vision to Event Cameras](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.08298/) (2019)
- [Learning to Detect Objects with a 1 Megapixel Event Camera](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.13436/) (2020)
- [Semantic Photo Manipulation with a Generative Image Prior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.07727/) (2020)
- [Video to Events: Recycling Video Datasets for Event Cameras](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.03095/) (2019)
- [TimeLens: Event-based Video Frame Interpolation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.07286/) (2021)
- [Self-Supervised Policy Adaptation during Deployment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.04309/) (2020)
- [Event-based Asynchronous Sparse Convolutional Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.09148/) (2020)
- [N-ImageNet: Towards Robust, Fine-Grained Object Recognition with Event Cameras](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.01041/) (2021)
- [DDD17: End-To-End DAVIS Driving Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.01458/) (2017)
- [SENTRY: Selective Entropy Optimization via Committee Consistency for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.11460/) (2020)
- [Test-Time Adaptation to Distribution Shift by Confidence Maximization and Input Transformation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.14999/) (2021)
- [EventNet: Asynchronous Recursive Event Processing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.07045/) (2018)
- [DDD20 End-to-End Event Camera Driving Dataset: Fusing Frames and Events with Deep Learning for Improved Steering Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.08605/) (2020)
- [Bridging the Gap between Events and Frames through Unsupervised Domain Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.02618/) (2021)
- [URIE: Universal Image Enhancement for Visual Recognition in the Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.08979/) (2020)
- [v2e: From Video Frames to Realistic DVS Events](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.07722/) (2020)
- [Convolutional Spiking Neural Networks for Spatio-Temporal Feature Extraction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.12346/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 26 of 26)

- [A Comprehensive Survey on Test-Time Adaptation under Distribution Shifts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.15361/) (2023)
- [Robust Test-Time Adaptation in Dynamic Scenarios](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.13899/) (2023)
- [Deep Learning for Event-based Vision: A Comprehensive Survey and Benchmarks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.08890/) (2023)
- [Recent Event Camera Innovations: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.13627/) (2024)
- [Ev-NeRF: Event Based Neural Radiance Field](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.12455/) (2022)
- [EventCLIP: Adapting CLIP for Event-based Object Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.06354/) (2023)
- [T4P: Test-Time Training of Trajectory Prediction via Masked Autoencoder and Actor-specific Token Memory](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.10052/) (2024)
- [Adapting Self-Supervised Vision Transformers by Probing Attention-Conditioned Masking Consistency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.08222/) (2022)
- [Highly Efficient 3D Human Pose Tracking from Events with Spiking Spatiotemporal Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09681/) (2023)
- [HGL: Hierarchical Geometry Learning for Test-time Adaptation in 3D Point Cloud Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12387/) (2024)
- [Unleashing the Power of CNN and Transformer for Balanced RGB-Event Video Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.11128/) (2023)
- [Test Time Training for Industrial Anomaly Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.03743/) (2024)
- [Event Trojan: Asynchronous Event-based Backdoor Attacks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.06838/) (2024)
- [EA: An Event Autoencoder for High-Speed Vision Sensing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.06459/) (2025)
- [From Sharp to Blur: Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for 2D Human Pose Estimation Under Extreme Motion Blur Using Event Cameras](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.22438/) (2025)
- [Test-time Adaptation Meets Image Enhancement: Improving Accuracy via Uncertainty-aware Logit Switching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.17423/) (2024)
- [Fully Test-Time Adaptation for Monocular 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.19682/) (2024)
- [Making Every Event Count: Balancing Data Efficiency and Accuracy in Event Camera Subsampling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.21187/) (2025)
- [PASS: Path-selective State Space Model for Event-based Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16953/) (2024)
- [Deployment Prior Injection for Run-time Calibratable Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.17207/) (2024)
- [Test-Time Adaptation for Anomaly Segmentation via Topology-Aware Optimal Transport Chaining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.20333/) (2026)
- [Learning Topology-Aware Representations via Test-Time Adaptation for Anomaly Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.28268/) (2026)
- [TestMate: Test-Time Domain Adaptation Aided by Lightweight Vision Foundation Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.03810/) (2026)
- [GoStop: Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Temporal Aggregation in Event-Based Feature Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.15699/) (2026)
- [LiteEvent-AE: Lightweight Autoencoder for Event-Based Vision on Low-Latency Energy-Constrained Edge Devices](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.21764/) (2026)
- [The Shape of Events: Edge-Based Inductive Biases via Cross-Domain Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.30478/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce Ev-TTA, a simple, effective test-time adaptation algorithm for event-based object recognition. While event cameras are proposed to provide measurements of scenes with fast motions or drastic illumination changes, many existing event-based recognition algorithms suffer from performance deterioration under extreme conditions due to significant domain shifts. Ev-TTA mitigates the severe domain gaps by fine-tuning the pre-trained classifiers during the test phase using loss functions inspired by the spatio-temporal characteristics of events. Since the event data is a temporal stream of measurements, our loss function enforces similar predictions for adjacent events to quickly adapt to the changed environment online. Also, we utilize the spatial correlations between two polarities of events to handle noise under extreme illumination, where different polarities of events exhibit distinctive noise distributions. Ev-TTA demonstrates a large amount of performance gain on a wide range of event-based object recognition tasks without extensive additional training. Our formulation can be successfully applied regardless of input representations and further extended into regression tasks. We expect Ev-TTA to provide the key technique to deploy event-based vision algorithms in challenging real-world applications where significant domain shift is inevitable.