# Automated Design Approximation to Overcome Circuit Aging

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.07962 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.07962/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 15 Mar 2022.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [TransAxx: Efficient Transformers with Approximate Computing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.07545/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Transistor aging phenomena manifest themselves as degradations in the main electrical characteristics of transistors. Over time, they result in a significant increase of cell propagation delay, leading to errors due to timing violations, since the operating frequency becomes unsustainable as the circuit ages. Conventional techniques employ timing guardbands to mitigate aging-induced delay increase, which leads to considerable performance losses from the beginning of the circuit's lifetime. Leveraging the inherent error resilience of a vast number of application domains, approximate computing was recently introduced as an aging mitigation mechanism. In this work, we present the first automated framework for generating aging-aware approximate circuits. Our framework, by applying directed gate-level netlist approximation, induces a small functional error and recovers the delay degradation due to aging. As a result, our optimized circuits eliminate aging-induced timing errors. Experimental evaluation over a variety of arithmetic circuits and image processing benchmarks demonstrates that for an average error of merely 5×10-3, our framework completely eliminates aging-induced timing guardbands. Compared to the respective baseline circuits without timing guardbands (i.e., iso-performance evaluation), the error of the circuits generated by our framework is 1208x smaller.