# Perceptions of the State of D&I and D&I Initiative in the ASF

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.13260 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.13260/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 27 Feb 2022.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Towards Engineering Fair and Equitable Software Systems for Managing Low-Altitude Airspace Authorizations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.07353/) (2024)
- [Reverse Engineering User Stories from Code using Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.19587/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Open Source Software (OSS) Foundations and projects are investing in creating Diversity and Inclusion (D&I) initiatives. However, little is known about contributors' perceptions about the usefulness and success of such initiatives. We aim to close this gap by investigating how contributors perceive the state of D&I in their community. In collaboration with the Apache Software Foundation (ASF), we surveyed 600+ OSS contributors and conducted 11 follow-up interviews. We used mixed methods to analyze our data-quantitative analysis of Likert-scale questions and qualitative analysis of open-ended survey question and the interviews to understand contributors' perceptions and critiques of the D&I initiative and how to improve it. Our results indicate that the ASF contributors felt that the state of D&I was still lacking, especially regarding gender, seniority, and English proficiency. Regarding the D&I initiative, some participants felt that the effort was unnecessary, while others agreed with the effort but critiqued its implementation. These findings show that D&I initiatives in OSS communities are a good start, but there is room for improvements. Our results can inspire the creation of new and the refinement of current initiatives.