# Handwriting Biometrics: Applications and Future Trends in e-Security and e-Health

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.12760 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.12760/

## Key facts

- Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 10 of its 148 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 24 Feb 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 10 of 10)

- [DeepSign: Deep On-Line Signature Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.10119/) (2020)
- [BiosecurID: a multimodal biometric database](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.03472/) (2021)
- [BioTouchPass2: Touchscreen Password Biometrics Using Time-Aligned Recurrent Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.10223/) (2020)
- [SensitiveNets: Learning Agnostic Representations with Application to Face Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.00334/) (2019)
- [Quality Measures in Biometric Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.08704/) (2021)
- [Privacy issues on biometric systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.11415/) (2022)
- [EMOTHAW: A novel database for emotional state recognition from handwriting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.12245/) (2022)
- [Characterization of the Handwriting Skills as a Biomarker for Parkinson Disease](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.08226/) (2019)
- [A comparative study of in-air trajectories at short and long distances in online handwriting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.12237/) (2022)
- [Technological evaluation of two AFIS systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.00447/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 19 of 19)

- [Writing Order Recovery in Complex and Long Static Handwriting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.03194/) (2024)
- [Image-based Freeform Handwriting Authentication with Energy-oriented Self-Supervised Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.09676/) (2024)
- [Neural network modelling of kinematic and dynamic features for signature verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.17506/) (2024)
- [Improving Accuracy and Explainability of Online Handwriting Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.09102/) (2022)
- [Siamese based Neural Network for Offline Writer Identification on word level data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.14443/) (2022)
- [Exploring Transformers for On-Line Handwritten Signature Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.01663/) (2023)
- [CSSL-RHA: Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning for Robust Handwriting Authentication](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.11100/) (2023)
- [On the Handwriting Tasks' Analysis to Detect Fatigue](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.14782/) (2022)
- [On handwriting pressure normalization for interoperability of different acquisition stylus](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.16337/) (2022)
- [Introduction to Presentation Attacks in Signature Biometrics and Recent Advances](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.08320/) (2023)
- [Attention based End to end network for Offline Writer Identification on Word level data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.07602/) (2024)
- [On the use of first and second derivative approximations for biometric online signature recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.00512/) (2024)
- [Online Signature Recognition: A Biologically Inspired Feature Vector Splitting Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.12556/) (2024)
- [Explainable offline automatic signature verifier to support forensic handwriting examiners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.12695/) (2024)
- [Supervised and Unsupervised Alignments for Spoofing Behavioral Biometrics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.08918/) (2024)
- [On the analysis of saturated pressure to detect fatigue](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.04128/) (2024)
- [Online Signature Verification based on the Lagrange formulation with 2D and 3D robotic models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.13573/) (2025)
- [Layout Stroke Imitation: A Layout Guided Handwriting Stroke Generation for Style Imitation with Diffusion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.15678/) (2025)
- [Mobile Interaction for Assessing Fatigue, Sleep, and Activity in Neurodegenerative and Chronic Diseases](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.06380/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Background- This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art and applications based on online handwritting signals with special emphasis on e-security and e-health fields. Methods- In particular, we focus on the main achievements and challenges that should be addressed by the scientific community, providing a guide document for future research. Conclusions- Among all the points discussed in this article, we remark the importance of considering security, health, and metadata from a joint perspective. This is especially critical due to the double use possibilities of these behavioral signals.