# A Survey on Applications of Digital Human Avatars toward Virtual Co-presence

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.04168 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.04168/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 2 of its 64 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 Jan 2022.

## Builds on (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Sim2real transfer learning for 3D human pose estimation: motion to the rescue](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.02499/) (2019)
- [TransMoMo: Invariance-Driven Unsupervised Video Motion Retargeting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.14401/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [PhysAvatar: Learning the Physics of Dressed 3D Avatars from Visual Observations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.04421/) (2024)
- [MEDTalk: Multimodal Controlled 3D Facial Animation with Dynamic Emotions by Disentangled Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.06071/) (2025)
- [An Identity-Preserved Framework for Human Motion Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.06862/) (2022)
- [Ani3DHuman: Photorealistic 3D Human Animation with Self-guided Stochastic Sampling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.19089/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper investigates different approaches to build and use digital human avatars toward interactive Virtual Co-presence (VCP) environments. We evaluate the evolution of technologies for creating VCP environments and how the advancement in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Computer Graphics affect the quality of VCP environments. We categorize different methods in the literature based on their applications and methodology and compare various groups and strategies based on their applications, contributions, and limitations. We also have a brief discussion about the approaches that other forms of human representation, rather than digital human avatars, have been utilized in VCP environments. Our goal is to fill the gap in the research domain where there is a lack of literature review investigating different approaches for creating avatar-based VCP environments. We hope this study will be useful for future research involving human representation in VCP or Virtual Reality (VR) environments. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first survey research that investigates avatar-based VCP environments. Specifically, the categorization methodology suggested in this paper for avatar-based methods is new.