# Macroprogramming: Concepts, State of the Art, and Opportunities of Macroscopic Behaviour Modelling

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.03473 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.03473/

## Key facts

- Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 10 Jan 2022.

## Built on by (most cited first, 8 of 8)

- [Integrating Large Language Models with Internet of Things Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.19223/) (2024)
- [Proximity-based Self-Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12410/) (2024)
- [Artificial Collective Intelligence Engineering: a Survey of Concepts and Perspectives](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.05147/) (2023)
- [MacroSwarm: A Field-based Compositional Framework for Swarm Programming](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.10969/) (2024)
- [Software Engineering for Collective Cyber-Physical Ecosystems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.04780/) (2024)
- [Sparse Self-Federated Learning for Energy Efficient Cooperative Intelligence in Society 5.0](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.07613/) (2025)
- [Phyelds: A Pythonic Framework for Aggregate Computing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.29999/) (2026)
- [Programming Distributed Collective Processes in the eXchange Calculus](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.11212/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Macroprogramming refers to the theory and practice of conveniently expressing the macro(scopic) behaviour of a system using a single program. Macroprogramming approaches are motivated by the need of effectively capturing global/system-level aspects and the collective behaviour of a set of interacting components, while abstracting over low-level details. In the past, this style of programming has been primarily adopted to describe the data-processing logic in wireless sensor networks; recently, research forums on spatial computing, collective adaptive systems, and Internet-of-Things have provided renewed interest in macro-approaches. However, related contributions are still fragmented and lacking conceptual consistency. Therefore, to foster principled research, an integrated view of the field is provided, together with opportunities and challenges.