# A formal approach to good practices in Pseudo-Labeling for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Re-Identification

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.12887 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.12887/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 42 of its 69 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 24 Dec 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 42)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [Domain-Adversarial Training of Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1505.07818/) (2015)
- [Sinkhorn Distances: Lightspeed Computation of Optimal Transportation Distances](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1306.0895/) (2013)
- [Performance Measures and a Data Set for Multi-Target, Multi-Camera Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.01775/) (2016)
- [Deep Mutual Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.00384/) (2017)
- [Deep Learning for Person Re-identification: A Survey and Outlook](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.04193/) (2020)
- [Person Transfer GAN to Bridge Domain Gap for Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.08565/) (2017)
- [Mean teachers are better role models: Weight-averaged consistency targets improve semi-supervised deep learning results](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.01780/) (2017)
- [Robust Loss Functions under Label Noise for Deep Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.09482/) (2017)
- [A DIRT-T Approach to Unsupervised Domain Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.08735/) (2018)
- [Mutual Mean-Teaching: Pseudo Label Refinery for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation on Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.01526/) (2020)
- [Self-paced Contrastive Learning with Hybrid Memory for Domain Adaptive Object Re-ID](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.02713/) (2020)
- [Image-Image Domain Adaptation with Preserved Self-Similarity and Domain-Dissimilarity for Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.07027/) (2017)
- [Invariance Matters: Exemplar Memory for Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.01990/) (2019)
- [Dissecting Person Re-identification from the Viewpoint of Viewpoint](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.02162/) (2018)
- [Joint Disentangling and Adaptation for Cross-Domain Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.10315/) (2020)
- [AD-Cluster: Augmented Discriminative Clustering for Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.08787/) (2020)
- [Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Re-Identification: Theory and Practice](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.11334/) (2018)
- [Joint Generative and Contrastive Learning for Unsupervised Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.09071/) (2020)
- [Group-aware Label Transfer for Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.12366/) (2021)
- [Multiple Expert Brainstorming for Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.01546/) (2020)
- [Self-training with progressive augmentation for unsupervised cross-domain person re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.13315/) (2019)
- [Unsupervised Person Re-identification by Soft Multilabel Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.06325/) (2019)
- [Intra-Inter Camera Similarity for Unsupervised Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.11658/) (2021)
- [Refining Pseudo Labels with Clustering Consensus over Generations for Unsupervised Object Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.06133/) (2021)
- [Cross-Dataset Person Re-Identification via Unsupervised Pose Disentanglement and Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.09675/) (2019)
- [Asymmetric Co-Teaching for Unsupervised Cross Domain Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.01349/) (2019)
- [Multi-task Mid-level Feature Alignment Network for Unsupervised Cross-Dataset Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.01440/) (2018)
- [A Novel Unsupervised Camera-aware Domain Adaptation Framework for Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.03425/) (2019)
- [Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in the Dissimilarity Space for Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.13890/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [A Comprehensive Survey on Deep-Learning-based Vehicle Re-Identification: Models, Data Sets and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.10643/) (2024)
- [Exploring a Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Anomaly Detection in Mental Healthcare Provider Billing: Addressing Label Scarcity through Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.01924/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The use of pseudo-labels prevails in order to tackle Unsupervised Domain Adaptive (UDA) Re-Identification (re-ID) with the best performance. Indeed, this family of approaches has given rise to several UDA re-ID specific frameworks, which are effective. In these works, research directions to improve Pseudo-Labeling UDA re-ID performance are varied and mostly based on intuition and experiments: refining pseudo-labels, reducing the impact of errors in pseudo-labels... It can be hard to deduce from them general good practices, which can be implemented in any Pseudo-Labeling method, to consistently improve its performance. To address this key question, a new theoretical view on Pseudo-Labeling UDA re-ID is proposed. The contributions are threefold: (i) A novel theoretical framework for Pseudo-Labeling UDA re-ID, formalized through a new general learning upper-bound on the UDA re-ID performance. (ii) General good practices for Pseudo-Labeling, directly deduced from the interpretation of the proposed theoretical framework, in order to improve the target re-ID performance. (iii) Extensive experiments on challenging person and vehicle cross-dataset re-ID tasks, showing consistent performance improvements for various state-of-the-art methods and various proposed implementations of good practices.