# Low-Resolution Massive MIMO Under Hardware Power Consumption Constraints

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.02021 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.02021/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 3 Dec 2021.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Data Detection for Massive MIMO Systems with 1-Bit Quantized Dithered Linear Precoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.05447/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We consider a fully digital massive multiple-input multiple-output architecture with low-resolution analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog converters (ADCs/DACs) at the base station (BS) and analyze the performance trade-off between the number of BS antennas, the resolution of the ADCs/DACs, and the bandwidth. Assuming a hardware power consumption constraint, we determine the relationship between these design parameters by using a realistic model for the power consumption of the ADCs/DACs and the radio frequency chains. Considering uplink pilot-aided channel estimation, we build on the Bussgang decomposition to derive tractable expressions for uplink and downlink ergodic achievable sum rates. Numerical results show that the ergodic performance is boosted when many BS antennas with very low resolution (i.e., 2 to 3 bits) are adopted in both the uplink and the downlink.