# Investigation of domain gap problem in several deep-learning-based CT metal artefact reduction methods

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.12983 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.12983/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 12 of its 31 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 25 Nov 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 12 of 12)

- [U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1505.04597/) (2015)
- [Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.07004/) (2016)
- [Least Squares Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.04076/) (2016)
- [DuDoNet: Dual Domain Network for CT Metal Artifact Reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.00273/) (2019)
- [Deep Sinogram Completion with Image Prior for Metal Artifact Reduction in CT Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.07469/) (2020)
- [ADN: Artifact Disentanglement Network for Unsupervised Metal Artifact Reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.01104/) (2019)
- [CT sinogram-consistency learning for metal-induced beam hardening correction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.00607/) (2017)
- [Generative Mask Pyramid Network for CT/CBCT Metal Artifact Reduction with Joint Projection-Sinogram Correction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.00294/) (2019)
- [Low-dimensional Manifold Constrained Disentanglement Network for Metal Artifact Reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.03882/) (2020)
- [U-DuDoNet: Unpaired dual-domain network for CT metal artifact reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.04552/) (2021)
- [IDOL-Net: An Interactive Dual-Domain Parallel Network for CT Metal Artifact Reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.01405/) (2021)
- [Combining multimodal information for Metal Artefact Reduction: An unsupervised deep learning framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.09321/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Radiologist-in-the-Loop Self-Training for Generalizable CT Metal Artifact Reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.15610/) (2025)
- [Deep Few-view High-resolution Photon-counting CT at Halved Dose for Extremity Imaging](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.12331/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Metal artefacts in CT images may disrupt image quality and interfere with diagnosis. Recently many deep-learning-based CT metal artefact reduction (MAR) methods have been proposed. Current deep MAR methods may be troubled with domain gap problem, where methods trained on simulated data cannot perform well on practical data. In this work, we experimentally investigate two image-domain supervised methods, two dual-domain supervised methods and two image-domain unsupervised methods on a dental dataset and a torso dataset, to explore whether domain gap problem exists or is overcome. We find that I-DL-MAR and DudoNet are effective for practical data of the torso dataset, indicating the domain gap problem is solved. However, none of the investigated methods perform satisfactorily on practical data of the dental dataset. Based on the experimental results, we further analyze the causes of domain gap problem for each method and dataset, which may be beneficial for improving existing methods or designing new ones. The findings suggest that the domain gap problem in deep MAR methods remains to be addressed.