# Instant tissue field and magnetic susceptibility mapping from MR raw phase using Laplacian enabled deep neural networks

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.07665 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.07665/

## Key facts

- Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 15 Nov 2021.

## Built on by (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping through Model-based Deep Image Prior (MoDIP)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.09467/) (2023)
- [Affine Transformation Edited and Refined Deep Neural Network for Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.13942/) (2022)
- [DeepSTI: Towards Tensor Reconstruction using Fewer Orientations in Susceptibility Tensor Imaging](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.04504/) (2022)
- [BFRnet: A deep learning-based MR background field removal method for QSM of the brain containing significant pathological susceptibility sources](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.02760/) (2022)
- [IR2QSM: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping via Deep Neural Networks with Iterative Reverse Concatenations and Recurrent Modules](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.12300/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a valuable MRI post-processing technique that quantifies the magnetic susceptibility of body tissue from phase data. However, the traditional QSM reconstruction pipeline involves multiple non-trivial steps, including phase unwrapping, background field removal, and dipole inversion. These intermediate steps not only increase the reconstruction time but amplify noise and errors. This study develops a large-stencil Laplacian preprocessed deep learning-based neural network for near instant quantitative field and susceptibility mapping (i.e., iQFM and iQSM) from raw MR phase data. The proposed iQFM and iQSM methods were compared with established reconstruction pipelines on simulated and in vivo datasets. In addition, experiments on patients with intracranial hemorrhage and multiple sclerosis were also performed to test the generalization of the novel neural networks. The proposed iQFM and iQSM methods yielded comparable results to multi-step methods in healthy subjects while dramatically improving reconstruction accuracies on intracranial hemorrhages with large susceptibilities. The reconstruction time was also substantially shortened from minutes using multi-step methods to only 30 milliseconds using the trained iQFM and iQSM neural networks.