# Application of Machine Learning in Early Recommendation of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06139 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.06139/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 7 of its 46 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 13 Sep 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [Graph Neural Networks in Recommender Systems: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.02260/) (2020)
- [Doctor AI: Predicting Clinical Events via Recurrent Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1511.05942/) (2015)
- [Predictive Business Process Monitoring with LSTM Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.02130/) (2016)
- [Convolutional neural network models for cancer type prediction based on gene expression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.07794/) (2019)
- [Automated Analysis of Femoral Artery Calcification Using Machine Learning Techniques](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.06010/) (2019)
- [Modelling of Sickle Cell Anemia Patients Response to Hydroxyurea using Artificial Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.10978/) (2019)
- [Breast Cancer Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.07911/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Human Activity Recognition on Time Series Accelerometer Sensor Data using LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.07654/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Prolonged conduction through the myocardium can occur with HF, and a device-driven approach, termed cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), can improve left ventricular (LV) myocardial conduction patterns. While a functional benefit of CRT has been demonstrated, a large proportion of HF patients (30-50%) receiving CRT do not show sufficient improvement. Moreover, identifying HF patients that would benefit from CRT prospectively remains a clinical challenge. Accordingly, strategies to effectively predict those HF patients that would derive a functional benefit from CRT holds great medical and socio-economic importance. Thus, we used machine learning methods of classifying HF patients, namely Cluster Analysis, Decision Trees, and Artificial neural networks, to develop predictive models of individual outcomes following CRT. Clinical, functional, and biomarker data were collected in HF patients before and following CRT. A prospective 6-month endpoint of a reduction in LV volume was defined as a CRT response. Using this approach (418 responders, 412 non-responders), each with 56 parameters, we could classify HF patients based on their response to CRT with more than 95% success. We have demonstrated that using machine learning approaches can identify HF patients with a high probability of a positive CRT response (95% accuracy), and of equal importance, identify those HF patients that would not derive a functional benefit from CRT. Developing this approach into a clinical algorithm to assist in clinical decision-making regarding the use of CRT in HF patients would potentially improve outcomes and reduce health care costs.