# Prior Distribution Design for Music Bleeding-Sound Reduction Based on Nonnegative Matrix Factorization

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.00237 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.00237/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Sep 2021.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [JaCappella Corpus: A Japanese a Cappella Vocal Ensemble Corpus](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.16028/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

When we place microphones close to a sound source near other sources in audio recording, the obtained audio signal includes undesired sound from the other sources, which is often called cross-talk or bleeding sound. For many audio applications including onstage sound reinforcement and sound editing after a live performance, it is important to reduce the bleeding sound in each recorded signal. However, since microphones are spatially apart from each other in this situation, typical phase-aware blind source separation (BSS) methods cannot be used. We propose a phase-insensitive method for blind bleeding-sound reduction. This method is based on time-channel nonnegative matrix factorization, which is a BSS method using only amplitude spectrograms. With the proposed method, we introduce the gamma-distribution-based prior for leakage levels of bleeding sounds. Its optimization can be interpreted as maximum a posteriori estimation. The experimental results of music bleeding-sound reduction indicate that the proposed method is more effective for bleeding-sound reduction of music signals compared with other BSS methods.