# Scalable Distributed Planning for Multi-Robot, Multi-Target Tracking

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.08550 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.08550/

## Key facts

- Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 18 Jul 2021.

## Built on by (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [Resource-Aware Distributed Submodular Maximization: A Paradigm for Multi-Robot Decision-Making](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.07520/) (2022)
- [Bandit Submodular Maximization for Multi-Robot Coordination in Unpredictable and Partially Observable Environments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.12795/) (2023)
- [Online Submodular Coordination with Bounded Tracking Regret: Theory, Algorithm, and Applications to Multi-Robot Coordination](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.12429/) (2022)
- [Greedy Perspectives: Multi-Drone View Planning for Collaborative Perception in Cluttered Environments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.10863/) (2023)
- [Communication- and Computation-Efficient Distributed Submodular Optimization in Robot Mesh Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.10382/) (2024)
- [Leveraging Untrustworthy Commands for Multi-Robot Coordination in Unpredictable Environments: A Bandit Submodular Maximization Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.16161/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In multi-robot multi-target tracking, robots coordinate to monitor groups of targets moving about an environment. We approach planning for such scenarios by formulating a receding-horizon, multi-robot sensing problem with a mutual information objective. Such problems are NP-Hard in general. Yet, our objective is submodular which enables certain greedy planners to guarantee constant-factor suboptimality. However, these greedy planners require robots to plan their actions in sequence, one robot at a time, so planning time is at least proportional to the number of robots. Solving these problems becomes intractable for large teams, even for distributed implementations. Our prior work proposed a distributed planner (RSP) which reduces this number of sequential steps to a constant, even for large numbers of robots, by allowing robots to plan in parallel while ignoring some of each others' decisions. Although that analysis is not applicable to target tracking, we prove a similar guarantee, that RSP planning approaches performance guarantees for fully sequential planners, by employing a novel bound which takes advantage of the independence of target motions to quantify effective redundancy between robots' observations and actions. Further, we present analysis that explicitly accounts for features of practical implementations including approximations to the objective and anytime planning. Simulation results -- available via open source release -- for target tracking with ranging sensors demonstrate that our planners consistently approach the performance of sequential planning (in terms of position uncertainty) given only 2--8 planning steps and for as many as 96 robots with a 24x reduction in the number of sequential steps in planning. Thus, this work makes planning for multi-robot target tracking tractable at much larger scales than before, for practical planners and general tracking problems.