# Cumulative Assessment for Urban 3D Modeling

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.04622 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.04622/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 6 of its 15 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 9 Jul 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [DeepGlobe 2018: A Challenge to Parse the Earth through Satellite Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.06561/) (2018)
- [SpaceNet: A Remote Sensing Dataset and Challenge Series](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.01232/) (2018)
- [Semantic Stereo for Incidental Satellite Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.08739/) (2018)
- [Leveraging Vision Reconstruction Pipelines for Satellite Imagery](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.02989/) (2019)
- [A New Stereo Benchmarking Dataset for Satellite Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.04404/) (2019)
- [Primitive-based 3D Building Modeling, Sensor Simulation, and Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.05554/) (2019)

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [S-EO: A Large-Scale Dataset for Geometry-Aware Shadow Detection in Remote Sensing Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.06920/) (2025)
- [Quantifying the robustness of deep multispectral segmentation models against natural perturbations and data poisoning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.11347/) (2023)
- [Methods for evaluating the resolution of 3D data derived from satellite images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.11876/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Urban 3D modeling from satellite images requires accurate semantic segmentation to delineate urban features, multiple view stereo for 3D reconstruction of surface heights, and 3D model fitting to produce compact models with accurate surface slopes. In this work, we present a cumulative assessment metric that succinctly captures error contributions from each of these components. We demonstrate our approach by providing challenging public datasets and extending two open source projects to provide an end-to-end 3D modeling baseline solution to stimulate further research and evaluation with a public leaderboard.