# Integer-Only Neural Network Quantization Scheme Based on Shift-Batch-Normalization

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.00127 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.00127/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 16 of its 18 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 28 May 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1502.03167/) (2015)
- [MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.04381/) (2018)
- [Deep Compression: Compressing Deep Neural Networks with Pruning, Trained Quantization and Huffman Coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1510.00149/) (2015)
- [Quantization and Training of Neural Networks for Efficient Integer-Arithmetic-Only Inference](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.05877/) (2017)
- [ShuffleNet: An Extremely Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Mobile Devices](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.01083/) (2017)
- [SqueezeNet: AlexNet-level accuracy with 50x fewer parameters and <0.5MB model size](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.07360/) (2016)
- [XNOR-Net: ImageNet Classification Using Binary Convolutional Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1603.05279/) (2016)
- [A Survey of Quantization Methods for Efficient Neural Network Inference](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.13630/) (2021)
- [BinaryConnect: Training Deep Neural Networks with binary weights during propagations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1511.00363/) (2015)
- [Quantized Neural Networks: Training Neural Networks with Low Precision Weights and Activations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.07061/) (2016)
- [I-BERT: Integer-only BERT Quantization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.01321/) (2021)
- [Understanding Straight-Through Estimator in Training Activation Quantized Neural Nets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.05662/) (2019)
- [Trained Ternary Quantization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.01064/) (2016)
- [HAWQV3: Dyadic Neural Network Quantization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.10680/) (2020)
- [Discovering Low-Precision Networks Close to Full-Precision Networks for Efficient Embedded Inference](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1809.04191/) (2018)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [TeamFormer: Shallow Parallel Transformers with Progressive Approximation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.15425/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Neural networks are very popular in many areas, but great computing complexity makes it hard to run neural networks on devices with limited resources. To address this problem, quantization methods are used to reduce model size and computation cost, making it possible to use neural networks on embedded platforms or mobile devices. In this paper, an integer-only-quantization scheme is introduced. This scheme uses one layer that combines shift-based batch normalization and uniform quantization to implement 4-bit integer-only inference. Without big integer multiplication(which is used in previous integer-only-quantization methods), this scheme can achieve good power and latency efficiency, and is especially suitable to be deployed on co-designed hardware platforms. Tests have proved that this scheme works very well for easy tasks. And for tough tasks, performance loss can be tolerated for its inference efficiency. Our work is available on github: https://github.com/hguq/IntegerNet.