# Dynamic Placement in Refugee Resettlement

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.14388 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.14388/

## Key facts

- Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 29 May 2021.

## Built on by (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [Hindsight Learning for MDPs with Exogenous Inputs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.06272/) (2022)
- [Towards Human-AI Complementarity in Matching Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.13285/) (2025)
- [Learning under random distributional shifts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.02948/) (2023)
- [Single-Sample and Robust Online Resource Allocation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.02963/) (2025)
- [Trading-off price for data quality to achieve fair online allocation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.13440/) (2023)
- [Matchings, Predictions and Counterfactual Harm in Refugee Resettlement Processes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.13052/) (2024)
- [Robustness of Refugee-Matching Gains to Off-Policy Evaluation Choices](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.06686/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Employment outcomes of resettled refugees depend strongly on where they are placed inside the host country. Each week, a resettlement agency is assigned a batch of refugees by the United States government. The agency must place these refugees in its local affiliates, while respecting the affiliates' yearly capacities. We develop an allocation system that suggests where to place an incoming refugee, in order to improve total employment success. Our algorithm is based on two-stage stochastic programming and achieves over 98 percent of the hindsight-optimal employment, compared to under 90 percent of current greedy-like approaches. This dramatic improvement persists even when we incorporate a vast array of practical features of the refugee resettlement process including indivisible families, batching, and uncertainty with respect to the number of future arrivals. Our algorithm is now part of the Annie MOORE optimization software used by a leading American refugee resettlement agency.