# Physical Artificial Intelligence: The Concept Expansion of Next-Generation Artificial Intelligence

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.06564 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.06564/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 5 of its 42 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 13 May 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts, Taxonomies, Opportunities and Challenges toward Responsible AI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.10045/) (2019)
- [Generative Adversarial Networks: An Overview](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.07035/) (2017)
- [The History Began from AlexNet: A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Learning Approaches](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.01164/) (2018)
- [Face Recognition: Primates in the Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.08790/) (2018)
- [AI Enabling Technologies: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.03592/) (2019)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Internet of Agentic Things: Networked AI Agents for Closed-Loop IoT Orchestration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.12662/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Artificial Intelligence has been a growth catalyst to our society and is cosidered across all idustries as a fundamental technology. However, its development has been limited to the signal processing domain that relies on the generated and collected data from other sensors. In recent research, concepts of Digital Artificial Intelligence and Physicial Artifical Intelligence have emerged and this can be considered a big step in the theoretical development of Artifical Intelligence. In this paper we explore the concept of Physicial Artifical Intelligence and propose two subdomains: Integrated Physicial Artifical Intelligence and Distributed Physicial Artifical Intelligence. The paper will also examine the trend and governance of Physicial Artifical Intelligence.