# Identity Signals in Emoji Do not Influence Perception of Factual Truth on Twitter

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03160 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.03160/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 1 of its 23 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 7 May 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Through a Gender Lens: Learning Usage Patterns of Emojis from Large-Scale Android Users](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1705.05546/) (2017)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [On the Context-Free Ambiguity of Emoji](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.06302/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Prior work has shown that Twitter users use skin-toned emoji as an act of self-representation to express their racial/ethnic identity. We test whether this signal of identity can influence readers' perceptions about the content of a post containing that signal. In a large scale (n=944) pre-registered controlled experiment, we manipulate the presence of skin-toned emoji and profile photos in a task where readers rate obscure trivia facts (presented as tweets) as true or false. Using a Bayesian statistical analysis, we find that neither emoji nor profile photo has an effect on how readers rate these facts. This result will be of some comfort to anyone concerned about the manipulation of online users through the crafting of fake profiles.