# Blockchain-Based Decentralized Energy Management Platform for Residential Distributed Energy Resources in A Virtual Power Plant

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.00174 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.00174/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 May 2021.

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [Large Language Model-Assisted Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure with Real-World Case Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.19055/) (2025)
- [Demand Response Method Considering Multiple Types of Flexible Loads in Industrial Parks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.11743/) (2022)
- [Decentralized Energy Marketplace via NFTs and AI-based Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.10406/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The advent of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as distributed renewables, energy storage, electric vehicles, and controllable loads, rvbrings a significantly disruptive and transformational impact on the centralized power system. It is widely accepted that a paradigm shift to a decentralized power system with bidirectional power flow is necessary to the integration of DERs. The virtual power plant (VPP) emerges as a promising paradigm for managing DERs to participate in the power system. In this paper, we develop a blockchain-based VPP energy management platform to facilitate a rich set of transactive energy activities among residential users with renewables, energy storage, and flexible loads in a VPP. Specifically, users can interact with each other to trade energy for mutual benefits and provide network services, such as feed-in energy, reserve, and demand response, through the VPP. To respect the users' independence and preserve their privacy, we design a decentralized optimization algorithm to optimize the users' energy scheduling, energy trading, and network services. Then we develop a prototype blockchain network for VPP energy management and implement the proposed algorithm on the blockchain network. By experiments using real-world data-trace, we validated the feasibility and effectiveness of our algorithm and the blockchain system. The simulation results demonstrate that our blockchain-based VPP energy management platform reduces the users' cost by up to 38.6% and reduces the overall system cost by 11.2%.